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Global EV Outlook 2026 Outlook for electric mobility
Vehicle outlook by mode By 2035, the fleet of EVs across all vehicle types except two/three-wheelers (2/3Ws) exceeds 450 million globally in the Current Policies Scenario (CPS) – more than five times as many EVs as there were at the end of 2025. CO2 and fuel economy standards, especially for new light-duty vehicles (LDVs), are the main driver of rising EV sales outside of the People’s Republic of China (hereafter, “China”). In China and a few other emerging markets, the competitive economics of EVs already support continued adoption in the CPS. Elsewhere, however, EV sales stall, particularly…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Macro drivers
…tax levels and vary by country. Population We use the medium variant of the United Nations projections as the basis for our population growth. In this variant, global population growth slows over the coming decades, but the total population nonetheless rises from 8.1 billion in 2024 to 9.6 billion in 2050. Population growth in the medium variant is not linear, and the rate of growth slows over time.Demographic trends differ by country and region. Ageing populations and slowing fertility rates mean the size of the population in 2050 is expected to be smaller than today in the European Union…
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Ensuring a Strong Labour Dimension for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions
…Labour Conference in 2023. The IEA Clean Energy Labour Council presents this paper in order to highlight the importance of a strong labour dimension in clean energy transitions, and to ensure that the transitions are fair, inclusive, and people-centred. The IEA Clean Energy Labour Council shares these policy considerations with international policy makers as well as the G20 and COP30 Presidencies. Clean Energy Transitions: the role of energy workers Workers are at the heart of the energy system, with around 67.5 million people working in the sector in 2023 and an estimated 2 million additional jobs created in 2024. These millions of…
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Sheltering From Oil Shocks Oil use in industry
…staff, combined with the use of energy management information systems, is often the first step to identify these opportunities.Policy examples: There is experience dating back to the 1970s on how to encourage urgent energy savings in industry. Japan promoted quick energy management, such as cleaning, measuring, and minor repairs, while the United Kingdom recommended operational improvements, maintenance and monitoring. Meanwhile, the United States created Industrial Assessment Centers to help manufacturers cut back on energy costs through free energy audits. More recently, in 2022, the European Union’s REPowerEU Plan pushed to accelerate the adoption of efficiency measures in industry.
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India Bioenergy Market Report Executive summary
Bioenergy is particularly important for India’s rapidly growing energy market. It can strengthen energy security, reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels, create economic development and employment opportunities - especially in rural communities - and contribute to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. These benefits align closely with national energy and climate objectives, enabling India to leverage its domestic resources to support cleaner energy growth. India’s abundant agricultural residues and organic waste provide a strong resource base for modern bioenergy production.India’s ethanol industry has emerged as one of the country’s most successful policy-driven energy stories. Backed by a suite…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2025 Five key questions about hydrogen
…particularly in steel, shipping, and aviation applications.While challenges remain – including high production costs, demand and regulatory uncertainty, and infrastructure gaps – the positive developments significantly outweigh the setbacks. This is an encouraging sign for a sector that can play an important role in meeting government commitments to address climate change and strengthen energy security, at a moment when geopolitical tensions are rising. How can low-emissions hydrogen demand take off? While investment in low-emissions hydrogen production is gaining momentum, uncertain demand continues to pose a critical challenge to the industry's viability. Cumulative firm offtake agreements account for less…
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Pledges to Progress 2025 Pledges to Progress Company Assessment
…the Oil and Gas Decarbonisation Charter, agreed at COP28. It is a baseline assessment, in that the evaluations for each metric are based on public company reporting published in 2024, which often rely on data and progress from 2023, i.e. before the OGDC was launched.This is not an assessment of environmental performance. It tracks 25 specific aspects of target-setting, implementation strategies and disclosure, based on a framework put together by the International Energy Agency (IEA), the United Nations Environment Programme’s International Methane Emissions Observatory (IMEO), and the Environmental Defense Fund. Companies may not need to undertake…
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2024 Executive summary
…Middle East for 60% of its current oil imports.Energy-related environmental issues, including poor air quality and the impacts of climate change, are becoming more urgent. In 2023, 85% of Southeast Asia’s population was exposed to polluted air, far exceeding the World Health Organization’s recommended safe limits, leading to 300 000 premature deaths from outdoor air pollution and 240 000 from indoor air pollution linked to the use of polluting fuels for cooking. The region also faces risks from extreme weather, including a crippling heat wave in 2024 and heightened flood risks around rivers and coastal areas…
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Gas Market Report, Q2-2025 Executive summary
…lower renewable electricity output supported higher gas burn in the power sector. Periods of low wind power generation highlighted the key role gas-fired power plants can play in ensuring electricity supply security in energy markets increasingly dominated by variable renewables. In North America, a colder winter pushed natural gas consumption to an all-time high, with demand growth largely supported by stronger gas use in buildings. In contrast, gas demand growth slowed significantly in Asia, with China’s gas demand declining by around 2% y-o-y in the November 2024-February 2025 period. Milder weather in northern China…
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Global Energy Review 2026 Electricity supply
…by around 8.5% year-on-year in 2025, slightly slower than the 9.6% rise observed in 2024 but much faster than the around 6% average of the previous decade. This was despite declines in hydropower output in Europe and Eurasia and lower-than-normal wind speeds, particularly in Europe, which tempered growth. Solar PV saw its largest-ever increase in generation, rising by about 600 TWh. About 55% took place in China, but growth was otherwise broad-based geographically.Annual nuclear generation reached a record high following strong growth in 2024. Output grew by 1.2% in 2025…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
