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Global Energy Review 2026 Electricity demand
…consumption. Nevertheless, the 2025 growth rate remained above the 2.8% annual average observed between 2014 and 2024 and was also well over twice the rate of overall global energy demand growth in 2025 (1.3%). Demand growth was well above long-term average rates in advanced economies, but slowed in Asian economies In 2025, emerging market and developing economies accounted for 80% of global electricity demand growth. China’s share of the increase in global demand was 58%, higher than in 2024, when it stood at 52%, but lower than the 62% average observed over the previous decade. China…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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- Executive summary
- Hydrogen
- Road transport
- Steel
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+ 3 pages
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Outlook for energy demand
…EVs represented about 0.7% of final electricity consumption in 2024.The stock of EVs is set to more than triple to 2030, but electricity demand could increase more than fourfold, reaching 780 TWh in the STEPS. This is driven by increasing consumption from electric trucks, as well as greater EV uptake in markets where people drive more per year. Total energy demand for road transport increases by only 5% in 2030 in the STEPS, while total road activity (in terms of vehicle kilometres travelled) increases by almost 20% during the same period, reflecting the greater energy efficiency of EVs. Globally…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in the electric car industry
…manufacturing region, the European Union, production stagnated at 2.4 million cars in 2024, but surpassed domestic sales by more than 5%. Domestic carmakers were behind nearly 80% of the region’s total output, but there were contrasting trends among EU OEMs. While German OEMs marked a 5% year-on-year increase in their EU output, other EU OEMs (Stellantis and Renault) saw their regional production drop by over 15%, producing about 420 000 electric cars, or less than 20% of the region’s output. Meanwhile, there was a sixfold increase in EU production by US OEMs between 2021 and 2024, predominantly led…
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Moldova
Moldova is almost fully dependent on fossil fuel and electricity imports, with natural gas serving most of its energy needs. The government plans to diversify the energy mix with renewables such as wind and solar. Moldova is part of the EU4Energy Programme, which focuses on improving evidence-based policy making for the energy sector.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Mali
In recent years, the rate of access to electricity in Mali has surpassed 25%, thanks to a public focus on mini-grid solutions. The government of Mali now plans to increase hybridisation of its mini-grids by adding PV capacity to diesel power plants. In 2019, Mali’s energy mix was dominated by biofuels and wastes (65%) and oil products (32%), with coal and hydro accounting for the rest. In 2020, less than 5% of the population had access to clean cooking and 52% had access to electricity. For electricity access, the country targets 70% access by 2025, 80% by…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Belgium
Belgium’s energy policy is focused on transitioning to a low-carbon economy while ensuring energy security, lowering costs for consumers and increasing market competition. Belgium has made progress on these goals, notably as a global leader in offshore wind. The country is also seeing a rapid uptake of electric vehicles. However, Belgium remains reliant on fossil fuels and more aggressive policies are needed accelerate emissions reductions, especially for the industry sector.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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The energy crisis creates even stronger impetus for EU electrification
draft title Electrification is central to meeting the European Union’s goals on energy security, competitiveness, affordability, and emissions reductions. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz has highlighted the risks of over-dependence on imported fuels and concentrated supply routes, making the case for electrification even stronger.In the EU, around 70% of electricity generation is already supplied from domestic, low-emissions sources. And yet end-users (industry, buildings and transport sectors), source less than one quarter of their energy consumption from electricity. Today, around two-thirds of end-use energy consumption relies on fossil fuels, of which the…
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Global Methane Tracker 2025 Understanding methane emissions
…present explosion risks. The latest Global Methane Budget estimates annual global methane emissions to be around 610 Mt, with human activity responsible for almost two‑thirds of the total and natural sources accounting for the rest. IEA analysis suggests that the energy sector was responsible for around 145 Mt of methane emissions in 2024 – more than 35% of the total amount attributable to human activity. Oil operations were responsible for around 45 Mt, natural gas operations for nearly 35 Mt, and abandoned wells for around 3 Mt. An additional 2 Mt of methane leaked from end-use equipment. Coal accounted for…
