IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Nigeria
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Policy report

                • Jun 2026

                Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit The Energy Efficiency Policy PackageThe Energy Efficiency Policy Package

                The Energy Efficiency Policy Package

                • The Energy Efficiency Policy PackageThe Energy Efficiency Policy Package
                • Financing Energy EfficiencyFinancing Energy Efficiency
                • BuildingsBuildings
                • AppliancesAppliances
                • + 6 pages

                Iea Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit 2025 Shutterstock 2522508943
                • Policy report

                • Jun 2026

                Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit Financing Energy EfficiencyFinancing Energy Efficiency

                …rest. Between 50-60% of all efficiency investment spending is usually sourced from household savings or business equity, with debt finance making up the remainder. Financing solutions capable of supporting a large number of households are therefore particularly important to scale up investment in buildings and transport. Policy package Financing solutions Sustainability-linked loans: instruments where borrowers enjoy preferential terms depending on sustainability performance objectives. Such loans include predetermined key performance indicators (KPIs) linked to a set of calibrated (annual) sustainability performance targets that the borrower must meet. These targets can relate to reducing carbon emissions or improving energy efficiency…

                • The Energy Efficiency Policy PackageThe Energy Efficiency Policy Package
                • Financing Energy EfficiencyFinancing Energy Efficiency
                • BuildingsBuildings
                • AppliancesAppliances
                • + 6 pages

                Iea Energy Efficiency Policy Toolkit 2025 Shutterstock 2522508943
                • Policy report

                • Jun 2025

                Gaining an Edge Unlocking the potential of energy efficiencyUnlocking the potential of energy efficiency

                …and other factors, the energy required to produce the same sales volume varies significantly within the same subsector and to manufacture equivalent products. For example, energy consumption can vary by a factor of five times to manufacture plastic bags, and by a factor of seven times to produce bricks, with similar figures observed for other types of products, from milk to ceramic tiles to plastic bottles. While some of these variations can be due to differences in products and other factors, such wide disparities highlight the potential for many firms to reduce energy expenditures through improved energy efficiency. In IEA…

                • Summary for policymakersSummary for policymakers
                • Energy demand and competitivenessEnergy demand and competitiveness
                • Unlocking the potential of energy efficiencyUnlocking the potential of energy efficiency
                • Opportunities in efficiency marketsOpportunities in efficiency markets
                • + 1 pages

                Gaining An Edge Shutterstock 1324420895
                • Fuel report

                • Jul 2025

                Oil Market Report - July 2025

                The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights World oil demand growth is forecast to increase by 700 kb/d in 2025, its lowest rate since 2009, with the exception of the 2020 Covid year. Annual growth eased from 1.1 mb/d in 1Q25 to just 550 kb/d in 2Q25, with emerging…

                07 July
                • Fuel report

                • Nov 2024

                Energy Efficiency 2024 What is required to scale up energy efficiency investments by 2030?What is required to scale up energy efficiency investments by 2030?

                …In the NZE Scenario, investment in end uses such as more efficient buildings, transportation and industry triples from around USD 650 billion per year today to about USD 1.9 trillion per year by 2030. The IEA highlights in its Taking Stock to Taking Action report how a comprehensive approach to energy efficiency action is the most effective way to accelerate progress, with an array of available diverse measures tailored to each country’s specific circumstances. In emerging economies, where many people are getting access to new modern accommodation and appliances for the first time, investments in technical efficiency dominate. This involves improving…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Does a heat pump work in a house with poor insulation?Does a heat pump work in a house with poor insulation?
                • How can energy efficiency alleviate rising heatwave-driven electricity demand?How can energy efficiency alleviate rising heatwave-driven electricity demand?
                • What is required to scale up energy efficiency investments by 2030?What is required to scale up energy efficiency investments by 2030?
                • + 1 pages

                Construction Workers Installing Insulation And Roof Panels Usa Shutterstock 1929213377
                • Fuel report

                • May 2026

                Oil Market Report - May 2026

                The May edition of the IEA’s Oil Market Report is exceptionally provided free of charge in an abridged format.For access to the full report, subscribers can visit their Products page.The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights World oil demand is forecast to contract by 420 kb/d y-o-y in…

                Oil platform
                • Fuel report

                • Apr 2026

                Oil Market Report - April 2026

                …inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Listen to the most recent episode of the Everything Energy podcast with senior oil market analysts Rebecca Schulz and David Martin, which draws on fresh data and analysis from the April OMR Highlights Oil demand is expected to contract by 80 kb/d this year, as the Iran war upends our global outlook. This is 730 kb/d less than in last month’s Report and a forecast 1.5 mb/d 2Q26 decline would be the sharpest since Covid-19 slashed fuel…

                04 April HiRes shutterstock 2201208779
                • Policy report

                • Jun 2025

                Gaining an Edge Energy demand and competitivenessEnergy demand and competitiveness

                …effective energy savings in the short term, with lower capital costs and greater potential for electrification. Managing costs in lighter industries is also crucial, not only to improve firm competitiveness but also to achieve broader economic objectives. While these sectors contribute around a quarter of industrial energy demand, they account for over half of industrial value added and two-thirds of jobs. Today the world’s industries can produce 20% more value added with a given amount of energy than they could two decades ago Over the last two decades, industrial energy efficiency gains, as measured by the energy intensity…

                • Summary for policymakersSummary for policymakers
                • Energy demand and competitivenessEnergy demand and competitiveness
                • Unlocking the potential of energy efficiencyUnlocking the potential of energy efficiency
                • Opportunities in efficiency marketsOpportunities in efficiency markets
                • + 1 pages

                Gaining An Edge Shutterstock 1324420895
                • Topic

                Energy and Water

                …Southeast Asia – though half of global installed capacity is located in the Middle East and North Africa. Renewables can help ease the energy sector's water problem In a scenario in which global energy sector emissions reach net zero by 2050, water withdrawals by the energy sector decline by almost 20 bcm by 2030. The biggest reductions happen in the power sector, where withdrawals fall nearly 15% as coal-fired power generation is quickly replaced by solar PV and wind. Greater energy efficiency also plays an important role in reducing the volume of water needed to meet global energy demand.

                • Flagship report

                • Oct 2022

                World Energy Outlook 2022 Energy security in energy transitionsEnergy security in energy transitions

                …of clean energy technologies with scaling back of fossil fuels. Investing in clean energy is key to avoid future crises while reducing emissions. In the Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) Scenario, around USD 9 is spent on clean energy by 2030 for every USD 1 spent on fossil fuels. Cutting investment in fossil fuels ahead of scaling up investment in clean energy pushes up prices but does not necessarily advance secure transitions. High fossil fuel prices could make it 10‑25% more expensive for fossil fuel importers to meet climate goals.Tackle the demand side and prioritise energy efficiency. The energy crisis highlights…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Key findingsKey findings
                • The global energy crisisThe global energy crisis
                • An updated roadmap to Net Zero Emissions by 2050An updated roadmap to Net Zero Emissions by 2050
                • + 6 pages

                World Energy Outlook 2022
              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.