• Country

        Zimbabwe

        Zimbabwe holds large coal reserves and production is set to increase. The country has also significantly untapped its hydropower potential, even though the share of hydropower generation is gradually decreasing.

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        • Country

        Belgium

        Belgium’s energy policy is focused on transitioning to a low-carbon economy while ensuring energy security, lowering costs for consumers and increasing market competition. Belgium has made progress on these goals, notably as a global leader in offshore wind. The country is also seeing a rapid uptake of electric vehicles. However, Belgium remains reliant on fossil fuels and more aggressive policies are needed accelerate emissions reductions, especially for the industry sector.

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        • Country

        Uzbekistan

        Despite being energy self-sufficient thanks to its gas sector, Uzbekistan's ageing infrastructure struggles to meet growing domestic demand. Losses, overuse and financing remain problematic. Wide-ranging reforms focused on improving and diversification the energy sector are being introduced and the government has adopted the Strategy of Actions 2017-2021, which prioritizes improving energy efficiency and increasing generating capacity and use of renewables. Uzbekistan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.

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        • Country

        Iceland

        In 2007, the Icelandic government released a Climate Change Strategy conceived as a framework for action and government involvement in climate change issues, and setting forth a long-term goal of reducing net greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 75% of 1990 levels by 2050.

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        • Country

        Bulgaria

        Bulgaria adopted The Energy from Renewable Sources Act in 2011. The Act regulates the generation and consumption of energy from renewable sources with the aim of achieving the national targets in terms of renewable energy use in final gross energy consumption.

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        • Country

        Ecuador

        In Ecuador, The Energy Efficiency National Plan 2016-2035 presents an inter-sectoral plan for energy efficiency, policies in transport, industry, residence, production, generation and all energy consumption sectors. In 2013, a new feed-in tariff scheme for renewable energy projects also entered into force.

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        • Country

        Cambodia

        Cambodia’s electrification rate is the second-lowest among South East Asian countries. Cambodia plans to increase its power generation capacity by building hydropower and coal-fired plants by 2025, which can contribute to improve self-sufficiency of power supply.

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        • Fuel report

        • May 2025

        Northwest European Hydrogen Monitor 2025

        Northwest Europe is at the forefront of low-emissions hydrogen development. This region accounts for around 40% of Europe’s total hydrogen demand, and it has vast and untapped renewable energy and carbon storage potential in the North Sea. It also has a well-developed, interconnected gas network that could be partially repurposed to facilitate the transmission and distribution of low-emissions hydrogen from production sites to demand centres.The development of the low-emissions hydrogen market in Northwest Europe could gradually scale up in the short- to medium-term. Northwest European countries now have ambition to develop up to…

        Photo Showing A Hydrogen Renewable Energy Production Pipeline Shutterstock 2169583027

        • Country

        Tajikistan

        Hydropower is the main source of energy in Tajikistan, followed by imported oil, gas and coal. However, Tajikistan's energy sector is prone to supply shocks, due to seasonal shortages. Energy policy focuses on providing uninterrupted energy access to all users while improving regional co‑operation and energy sector efficiency, but significant domestic and foreign investment will be necessary for continued energy sector development. Tajikistan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.

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        • Country report

        • May 2026

        Austria 2026

        Energy Policy Review Government action plays a pivotal role in ensuring secure and sustainable energy transitions. Energy policy is critical not just for the energy sector but also for meeting environmental, economic and social goals. Governments need to respond to their country’s specific needs, adapt to regional contexts and help address global challenges. In this context, the International Energy Agency (IEA) conducts Energy Policy Reviews to support governments in developing more impactful energy and climate policies.This Energy Policy Review was prepared in partnership between the Government of Austria and the IEA. It draws on the IEA’s extensive…

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