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Energy System Resilience
Lessons learned from Ukraine Ensuring energy security encompasses both long-term and short-term dimensions. The long-term dimension involves securing sufficient infrastructure investment and diverse supply sources. The short-term dimension – resilience – focuses on systems’ ability to cope with events exceeding standard planning conditions. Since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022, Ukraine has worked to protect its energy sector and to increase its ability to withstand and rapidly recover from Russia’s attacks on its energy infrastructure. The report explores the lessons that Ukraine has been learning as it works to bolster system resilience and identifies measures that…
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Serbia
In Serbia, the National Renewable Energy Action Plan set targets of renewable energy sources use until 2020, as well as the pathway to achieve them. Among other things, it enhances investments towards the development of renewables.
Data for Serbia includes Montenegro until 2004.- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Burkina Faso
In 2019, Burkina Faso’s energy mix was dominated by biofuels and wastes, with oil products accounting for one-third of the total energy supply. In 2020, 11% of the population had access to clean cooking and only 21% had access to electricity, making Burkina Faso one of the world’s least-electrified countries. For electricity, the country has a target of 95% access for urban areas and 50% for rural areas by 2030. For clean cooking, Burkina Faso has a universal access target for urban areas and 65% in rural areas by 2030. The target for LPG urban penetration…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Sustainable Transport Policy for Armenia: A Roadmap
As a part of the EU4Energy Programme, the Armenia Energy Policy Roadmap on Sustainable Transport presents a comprehensive, evidence-based framework for transforming the country’s mobility system into a sustainable and efficient transport system. The strategy seeks to deliver significant reductions in CO₂ emissions while strengthening regional connectivity, fostering economic development, and enhancing energy security. While Armenia has made notable progress in rolling out electric vehicles and electrifying its rail network, it still struggles with a high dependence on imported fossil fuels, a lack of data transparency and weak co-ordination among government agencies. This roadmap is structured to…
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Southeast Asia Indicators Handbook for Just and Inclusive Transitions
Energy demand in Southeast Asia is growing, driven by rapidly growing population and economies, industrialisation and urbanisation. Many countries in the region have set out their own national decarbonisation targets and clean energy transitions commitments.Clean energy transitions in the region present unique opportunities to deliver broad socio-economic benefits, beyond emissions reductions, such as the creation of new decent jobs, economic diversification, reduced energy poverty and improved air quality. Tracking these benefits can help ensure that all parts of society benefit from these changes.In 2024, G20 leaders endorsed ten voluntary G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions…
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Gas Market Report, Q2-2025
Global natural gas demand continued to expand through the 2024/25 heating season, with growth primarily driven by Europe and North America. Underground storage facilities and reserve mechanisms provided crucial flexibility to the gas system and ensured stable and secure gas supplies over the 2024/25 heating season. In 2025, global gas demand growth is forecast to slow from the previous year amid tighter market conditions, while heightened macroeconomic uncertainties may also weigh on demand.Low gas storage levels and reduced piped gas exports from Russia to the European Union are expected to keep market fundamentals tight. Supported by higher…
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap
Ukraine’s energy sector has been severely affected by the Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion. The power sector went from having a large capacity surplus before the war to a power deficit in 2024 due to Russia’s attacks. This has focused attention on energy security and restoring the reliability of supply. Hydrogen demand from conventional applications in refining and ammonia has also plunged, falling 80%, with most of these assets in southern Ukraine, where the frontline and occupied areas are located. Overall economic damage from the war has been extensive, with reconstruction costs previously estimated by the World…
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Indicators Handbook for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions
Global Commission on People-Centred Clean Energy Transitions: Designing for Fairness The Indicators Handbook is based on the voluntary G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Transitions, endorsed by G20 leaders in November 2024. The principles, which reflect varying perspectives, contexts and experiences, form a framework for approaching transitions that maximises benefits and mitigates the risk of unintended consequences. Designed as a technical resource, the Indicators Handbook provides guidance for governments and other stakeholders on identifying relevant indicators as a first step towards tracking policy design and implementation in line with the G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Transitions. The Handbook…
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Singapore
Singapore is the region’s second-largest gas importer. The country is expanding its existing LNG importing facility and is seeking to become a major LNG trading hub. Singapore’s relatively small import needs raise questions about how quickly the hub would reach sufficient liquidity to operate efficiently, but it is nonetheless well placed to bring Asian LNG buyers and sellers together and has taken a major step forward with the creation of an LNG price index: the “SLiNG”.
Singapore has made important moves towards liberalising its gas market, providing the basis for more competitive price setting. These moves include…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026
The IEA's Global Hydrogen Review 2026 provides an update on hydrogen production and demand worldwide and identifies the latest developments relating to policy, infrastructure, trade, investments and innovation.The report is an output of the Clean Energy Ministerial Hydrogen Initiative and is intended to provide an update to energy sector stakeholders on the status and future prospects of hydrogen, and to inform discussions at the Hydrogen Energy Ministerial Meeting organised by Japan.The conflict in the Middle East is impacting global supplies of hydrogen and hydrogen derivatives, such as fertilisers, exposing vulnerabilities in their supply chains. As energy security…
