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Ukraine
Ukraine is a key country for European and global energy security. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has pushed it to fundamentally reshape its past dependence on energy imports from Russia.
As the invasion continues, Ukraine is focused on tracking large-scale energy supply disruptions and actively working to recover power and heating for civilians. It is also putting together an ambitious recovery and reconstruction plan, with a strong focus on energy security. In the medium-term, Ukraine’s energy strategy remains focused on European integration, while it aims to an energy system that is ready for a Net Zero future…- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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![Ukraine Flag]()
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Joint Statement in Support of the IEA-Ukraine Collaboration Programme
…civilian and energy infrastructure across Ukraine is a direct result of Russia’s ongoing war of aggression against Ukraine. The intensification of Russian attacks on critical energy infrastructure in Ukraine throughout 2025, in particular, has had severe consequences for the daily lives of the civilian population and these attacks have continued to rise in both scale and intensity this winter.The IEA-Ukraine Collaboration Programme – in parallel with other international donor efforts, including those coordinated through the G7+ Ukraine Energy Support Group – represents a key initiative through which the IEA is able to support Ukraine’s significant energy sector reconstruction…
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The energy implications of events in the Middle East
…operators to start shutting in production. The region’s output of refined products has also been impacted.
Natural gas markets, meanwhile, have gradually rebalanced https://www.iea.org/reports/gas-market-report-q1-2026 in recent years following the major shock that followed Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. A wave of new LNG capacity https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/global-lng-capacity-tracker between now and the end of this decade is expected to transform market dynamics. But markets remained tight in the first two months of 2026, and depleted storage coming out…
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The Strait of Hormuz and global LNG supply
…in some countries.
In Asia, the benchmark LNG price more than doubled in the first two trading days following the start of the conflict, while the European natural gas benchmark shot up by around 70%. Prices have eased somewhat from those initial highs, but they remain volatile and well above their pre-conflict levels.
Before the outbreak of the conflict, global natural gas markets had been gradually rebalancing https://www.iea.org/reports/gas-market-report-q1-2026 following the major shock from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. A wave of new LNG capacity https://www.i...
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Global shocks have driven a surge in energy policy activity and government spending
…to the report. Even before the outbreak of the war in the Middle East this year and the major impacts on energy markets around the world, annual government spending on energy was projected to remain near 2025 levels through 2030. The bulk of public spending has been directed towards longer-term investments in energy infrastructure, advanced manufacturing, renewable energy, energy efficiency and incentives for fuel switching.The report notes that the 2022 energy crisis linked to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine offers important lessons for governments on short-term measures to shield consumers from the effect of crises. Of the…
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IEA responding to major global energy security threat
…and to energy infrastructure in the region have major implications for energy security and affordability – and for the world economy.
The war in the region that began on 28 February has shrunk energy trade flows through the Strait of Hormuz to a trickle, creating what our Executive Director Fatih Birol has described as “the greatest threat to global energy security in history”, with a larger loss of oil supply than in the oil crises of the 1970s and a larger loss of natural gas supply than during the 2022 energy crisis linked to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
In response…
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Energy System Resilience Executive summary
…costly, time-intensive repairs. The measures Ukraine has taken to enhance energy system resilience under these extreme conditions – in many cases improvised, rather than the result of long-term planning – can provide broader lessons.Since January 2026, Ukraine has faced a severe convergence of threats, creating a catastrophic humanitarian and energy crisis. Russian missile and drone strikes on electricity and gas infrastructure have intensified, and their impact has been compounded by one of the harshest winters in recent years. The power system has been hit especially hard. Ukrainian households have endured severe blackouts, with some areas – including the capital, Kyiv…
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Ukraine’s Energy Security As Ukraine heads into another heating season, six measures can help improve energy security
…However, further investment remains necessary as Russia continues to update its attack strategies and increase the number of drones and missiles deployed.Efforts to optimise supply chains for key energy equipment also remain crucial, as regular attacks increase the need for frequent repairs and repurposed parts tend to wear down faster. The logistics around commissioning and shipping crucial spare parts, vehicles and equipment remain cumbersome due to administrative and regulatory bottlenecks, equipment compatibility issues and funding gaps. Given the ongoing importance of importing and delivering spare parts, Ukraine should continue assessing which materials already in the country could be repurposed…
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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Anatomy of a natural gas crisis
…The Russian share of the European Union’s gas supply grew from close to 30% in 2010 to over 45% by 2019 – a significant concentration in gas supply for the bloc.This increased supply concentration and reliance on Russian gas occurred against a particular geopolitical backdrop: Previous breaches in energy security, including the temporary interruptions of Russian pipeline gas supply to Ukraine in both 2006 and 2009, had downstream implications for EU energy security, prompting EU legislation on supply security and gas market liberalisation. The unravelling of this dominant Russian supply position began ahead of the 2021/22 heating season…
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Oil security and emergency response
Ensuring quick and effective response to major supply disruptions Ensuring energy security has been at the centre of the IEA’s mission since its creation in 1974, following the oil crisis in 1973. Today, the global oil market remains vulnerable to a wide range of risk factors, including natural disasters, major technical accidents, and geo-political tensions. As oil is expected to remain a major component of global energy demand for the coming decades, particularly for the transportation sector,...
