• Policy

        • Colombia

        • 2020

        Defining Zero-emission energy

        …Hydrogen and electric energy for mobility have been categorized as "zero-emission energy", while natural gas, LPG, gasoline, ethanol and their mixtures with a maximum sulphur content of 50 ppm, diesel, and biodiesel and its mixtures with a maximum sulphur content of 50 ppm were cathegorized as "low emissions".

        Nota: Currently, mobile sources contribute to 80% of atmospheric particles emissions, and the remaining 20% ??is attributed to stationary sources.

        The second resolution allows voluntary superior biodiesel blends for their use exclusively in motor vehicles or land mobile sources to contribute to sustainable mobility. In 2020, diesel blends were 10% biodiesel.

        • Policy

        • People's Republic of China

        • 2016

        China 13th Bioenergy Development Five Year Plan (2016-2020)

        …capacity from biomass


        Direct Combustion from traditional biomass1


        5.3


        7


        GW


        26.6 million TCE




        Waste1


        4.7


        7.5


        GW




        Biogas


        0.3


        0.5


        GW




        Biogas (methane)2


        19


        -


        bcm


        -




        Large-scale biogas1


        -


        8 (annually)


        bcm


        9.6 million TCE




        Solid biomass1/3


        8


        30
        (annually)


        Mt


        15 million TCE




        Bio-ethanol


        2.1


        4
        (annually)


        Mt


        3.8 million TCE




        Bio-diesel


        0.8


        2
        (annually)


        Mt


        3 million TCE




        1 The Plan also sets up regional targets. 2 Theoretical value (14 bcm from rural households / 5 bcm from large-scale projects). 3 Mostly for residential and industrial heat.

        • Policy

        • Nigeria

        • 2017

        National Gas Policy

        …Outlines the key areas for improvement, including regulation that governs the full process of the gas chain and to reduce regulatory body overlap in responsibilities.

         

        Specifically suggests:


        consolidating oversight of petroleum activities into one body (p. 36)
        improving metering of facilities (p. 38)
        turn away from gas re-injection, to prioritise utilisation (p. 61)
        encourage the use of flare gas capture technologies, including power generation; replacing diesel fuel on site with gas; small scale GTL; mini-LNG plants; building gas infrastructure, including gas gathering lines (p. 62, Sec. 6.4.5)
        increase flaring penalties and false reporting penalties (p. 63…

        • Policy

        • Oman

        • 2004

        Ministerial Decision No. 118/2004 concerning the control of air pollution from stationary sources

        …monitoring results to the Ministry of Regional Municipalities, Environment and Water Resources.

         

        Emissions standards are set for a number of sector, including oil and gas and, specifically, flaring in oil fields and refineries, power plants, and petrochemical works. Of note for petroleum facilities: 0.035 g/m3 for volatile organic compounds from vapour recovery units; 0.010 g/m3 for unburnt hydrocarbons from flares in oil fields and refineries; 0.010 g/m3 for unburnt hydrocarbons from natural gas or diesel industrial combustion sources.

         

        The law also requires owners to obtain environmental permits for operating plants and establishes applicable penalties.

        • Policy

        • France

        • 2017

        Company Car Tax Benefits for EV and Hybrid Vehicles

        …based on CO2 Emissions (or Horse Power for older vehicles), and is calculated using a staggered approach and is exempted for vehicles <60g CO2 / km. The second component is based on environmental impact and is also staggered, and much higher for (older) diesel vehicles.

         

        The straggered approach was aimed at encouraging companies to renew their fleet in favor of less polluting vehicles. The tax exemption was originally valid for a period of 24 months after registration.

         

        Electric vehicles are fully exempt from the company vehicle tax (TVS). This exemption only applies to vehicles emitting less than 60g/km of…

        • Policy

        • Australia

        • 2003

        Energy Grants (Cleaner Fuels) Scheme

        …2002 and were extended in 2004 for a further eight years to June 2011. Grants in relation to biodiesel will apply from 18 September 2003, and will become available for ethanol manufacture and importation once existing ethanol subsidy arrangements expire in 2008.  Grants will be available in relation to the manufacture and importation of low sulphur fuels from 2006 and low sulphur diesel from 2007. As of 2006, grants were 38 cents per litre for ethanol and biodiesel.As detailed in the record of Fuel Tax Reform, these arrangements ensure that the effective rate of excise tax for biofuels is…

        • Policy

        • France

        • 2006

        Company Tax Exemption for Low-Carbon Vehicles

        The "Taxe sur les véhicules de société (TVS) Tax is applicable to company-owned passenger cars. It takes into account two components. The first component is based on CO2 Emissions (or Horse Power for older vehicles), is calculated with a staggered approach and is exempted for vehicles <50g CO2 / km, and is therefore applicable to Battery Electric Vehicles, Electric Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles.

         

        The second component is based on environmental impact and is also staggered, and much higher for (older) diesel vehicles

        • Policy

        • Luxembourg

        • 2018

        Company tax benefits

        …car.

         

        All company cars are liable to two different types of taxes, a registration tax and a vehicle tax. The former, amounting to €50, must be paid on any newly registered car. The latter is calculated by multiplying three elements together: (1) the value of the CO2 emissions in g/km; (2) a value of 0.9 for cars with a diesel engine, or 0.6 for cars with a non-diesel engine; and (3) a value of 0.5 for vehicles whose CO2 is less than 90 g/km, increasing by 0.1 for each additional 10g of CO2.

        • Policy

        • Italy

        • 2019

        Subsidies for electric bicycles

        …maximum of 250 Euros.

         

        The program is open to all residents or workers who fulfill at least one of the following four requirements:

        1) proof of having to travel more than 10 km for regular trips home to work

        2) proof of having to use more than 30 minutes of public transport for regular trips between home and work

        3) are part of a family owner of a car with diesel engines to euro 5 petrol or EURO 0 and EURO 1

        4) intend to reduce number of cars owned by the family unit and can present evidence of scrapping

        • Policy

        • Hungary

        • 1990

        Mandatory Vehicle Inspection

        …are tested when they are new, then after 4 years, then after 3, then 2 and then 2. Odler cars are tested every year. Similarly motorcicles are tested after 3 - 3 - 2 – 2 years and then every year.

         

        Since 1995, emission standards for new and imported used petrol vehicles are equivalent to those introduced in the European Union in 1993; the application of emission standards for new diesel vehicles including buses and trucks is UN-ECE standard 49.2.

         

        This fulfills the requirements of Directive 2009/40/EC, which fixes minimum standards for the periodic roadworthiness tests of motor vehicles.

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