• Flagship report

        • Apr 2026

        Key Questions on Energy and AI Executive summary

        The AI and energy nexus continues to evolve rapidly The largest technology companies are contributing to a surge in data centre investment, as their capital expenditure exceeded USD 400 billion in 2025 – and is expected to jump by another 75% in 2026. Capital expenditure of just five technology companies is now larger than global investment in oil and natural gas production. Many jurisdictions are seeing project pipelines accelerate dramatically, although not all projects will come to fruition. Those that are moving forward are doing so at pace: the IEA’s unique satellite-based tracking shows that “artificial intelligence (AI) factories…

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        • Contributor

        Peter Levi

        Head of Technology Supply Chain Unit. Peter Levi first joined the Energy Technology Policy Division of the IEA in 2016 and now leads the sectoral analysis of Industry within the Division. In this role he is focussed on the technologies and policies that can be employed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from energy-intensive sectors within industry – steel, cement, chemicals, aluminium and paper – as well as cross-cutting themes such as energy security, technology supply chains, innovation, hydrogen, carbon capture and electrification.

        • Contributor

        Pierre-Olivier Pineau

        Professor of Decision Sciences.

        • Contributor

        Jennifer Morgan

        State Secretary and Special Envoy for International Climate Action, Germany.

        • Contributor

        Jürgen Trittin

        Member of the Bundestag and Former Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety. Jürgen Trittin has been a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs in the German parliament since 2014 and is also a deputy member of the Committee on Economic Affairs and Energy. He previously served as Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety.

        • Contributor

        Roland Gladushenko

        Energy Modeller.

        • Contributor

        Ronan Graham

        Senior Energy Security Analyst.

        • Contributor

        Mikaël J. A. Maes

        Environmental Data Scientist, OECD Environment Directorate.

        • Contributor

        Milosz Karpinski

        Energy Analyst.

        • Contributor

        Marine Gorner

        Former Energy and Transport Analyst.

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