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Indicators Handbook for Just and Inclusive Energy Transitions
Global Commission on People-Centred Clean Energy Transitions: Designing for Fairness The Indicators Handbook is based on the voluntary G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Transitions, endorsed by G20 leaders in November 2024. The principles, which reflect varying perspectives, contexts and experiences, form a framework for approaching transitions that maximises benefits and mitigates the risk of unintended consequences. Designed as a technical resource, the Indicators Handbook provides guidance for governments and other stakeholders on identifying relevant indicators as a first step towards tracking policy design and implementation in line with the G20 Principles for Just and Inclusive Transitions. The Handbook…
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India Bioenergy Market Report
Outlook for liquid and gaseous biofuels to 2030 As demand for renewable energy grows in India, liquid and gaseous biofuels are expected to be one of the fastest-growing markets, driven by significant feedstock potential and supportive policies. These fuels can provide low-emission energy in heat, electricity and transport. They can also be produced domestically reducing reliance on imported fossil fuels, improve energy security, and create economic development and employment opportunities.This report examines the current supply and demand of liquid and gaseous biofuels in India and their forecasted growth to 2030. It provides a detailed assessment of existing…
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Oil Market Report - June 2026
…in 3Q26 estimates across China, the Middle East, Eurasia and non-OECD Asia. Runs are expected to rebound by 3.1 mb/d in 2027, as crude supplies normalise to an average of 85 mb/d.The decline in global observed inventories accelerated in May, to 143 mb (-4.6 mb/d) from 74 mb (-2.5 mb/d) in April. This lifts the average pace of stock draws since the start of the Gulf conflict to 3.8 mb/d, of which 2.4 mb/d for crude and 1.4 mb/d for products. OECD government inventories fell…
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Clean Energy Transitions Programme 2025
…combining global analysis, high-level convening and hands-on technical support, the CETP ensures that evidence, policy guidance and practical tools reach those shaping energy strategies on the ground.In 2025, the CETP has supported almost 350 high-level bilateral meetings with policy makers, over 700 workshops and technical exchanges, involving almost 13 000 participants, and 26 capacity-building events with over 1 700 policy professionals on energy efficiency, data and modelling. Additionally, the CETP has produced or enhanced more than 200 reports, policy briefs and data products.Through its three pillars of supporting national transitions, enabling multilateral coordination and providing global…
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What Next for the Global Car Industry
…adoption of electric cars. In 2024, more than one in five cars sold globally was electric. These changes are increasingly posing challenges for incumbent car manufacturers, who are forced navigate a vehicle technology transition that is moving at different speeds in different markets.At the same time, growth in car sales has shifted to emerging economies including China since the turn of the century, with around half of global sales now in these regions. Production has also grown unevenly in different regions, especially since the pandemic. China’s car output reached a record 27 million in 2024, when it also…
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Cobalt
Outlook for key energy transition minerals This report provides an outlook for demand and supply for key energy minerals including copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements. Demand projections encompass both key energy technologies and other uses under different IEA Scenarios. Supply projections are based on a detailed review of all announced projects. They show how today's geographical concentration evolves over time, for both mining and refining and how expected supply compares with primary supply requirements.
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Global Energy and Climate Model
…future energy trends Global Energy and Climate Model Over the past four years, the IEA has worked to develop a new integrated modelling framework: the IEA’s Global Energy and Climate (GEC) Model. This model is now the principal tool used to generate detailed sector-by-sector and region-by-region long-term scenarios across IEA's publications, including the World Energy Outlook series and Energy Technology Perspectives series.In 2021, the IEA adopted for the first time a new hybrid modelling approach relying on the strengths of both models. The integrated framework of the IEA’s Global Energy and Climate…
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Oil Market Report - May 2026
The May edition of the IEA’s Oil Market Report is exceptionally provided free of charge in an abridged format.For access to the full report, subscribers can visit their Products page.The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights World oil demand is forecast to contract by 420 kb/d y-o-y in…
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Oil Market Report - September 2025
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world's most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights World oil demand is forecast to increase by 740 kb/d y-o-y in 2025, up marginally from last month's Report, with resilient deliveries in advanced economies contrasting with relatively muted consumption in emerging economies. OECD demand growth of 80 kb/d y-o…
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Battery Circularity
Innovation trends for a future source of critical materials This report provides new evidence on global innovation trends for technologies related to battery recycling. Based on the EPO’s unique and comprehensive worldwide patent databases and the IEA’s expert insights into the key issues for battery technologies, the report presents the very latest data as a guide to decision makers from the public and private sectors. It sheds light on the main locations of patenting, the leading patentors in the world and the technology categories receiving the most innovation attention.More than one in four cars sold globally in…
