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The Netherlands’ Effort to Phase Out and Rationalise its Fossil-Fuel Subsidies
…subsidies and identify opportunities for reform. The Netherlands requested that the OECD and the IEA, with their long-standing record of tracking and analysing fossil-fuel subsidies and their experience in the G20 peer reviews, facilitate the review process, in consultation with other stakeholders.This report is the principal outcome of this peer review process, reflecting the IEA and OECD review team's in-person discussions with officials from the Netherlands, but also deliberations among the review team and consultations with stakeholders. After summarising the key aspects of the Netherland’s energy landscape, the report analyses in detail the subsidies…
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The Potential Role of Carbon Pricing in Thailand's Power Sector
Thailand is committed to playing its part in the international efforts aimed at addressing climate issues. As it is for most countries, the power sector in Thailand is among the largest emitters, accounting for 38% of energy-related CO2 emissions. Hence, reducing the emissions from this sector is fundamental in reducing the country’s total emissions. This report explores the potential role of carbon pricing in driving emissions reduction in power generation and supporting a clean energy transition in the country.
Building on the understanding of the current power market structure and future development plans, this report leverages on the… -
Deploying Renewables in Southeast Asian Countries
Deploying Renewables in Southeast Asian Countries This paper is part of the IEA ongoing analysis of global renewable energy markets and policies. It focuses on six Southeast Asian countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam. The report investigates the potentials and barriers for scaling up market penetration of renewable energy technologies in the electricity, heating and transport sectors in the six countries.
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Netherlands 2004
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Netherlands 2004 The International Energy Agency's comprehensive review of the Netherland's energy policies and programmes for 2004. It finds that the Netherlands is to be commended for the pragmatism and innovativeness of its energy policy. It has provided the country with secure energy supply and economic benefits arising from competition but with due regard paid to environmental issues. The major challenges are the reorganisation of the gas market structure and curbing the growth of energy demand in the transport sector.
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2015
…the outlook for the power sector and the increasing share of coal in the region’s electricity generation; the role that Southeast Asia will play in international energy trade and the implications for its energy expenditures; the potential energy and environmental benefits of implementing pragmatic measures that would help limit the rise in the region’s greenhouse gas emissions; an in-depth analysis of energy prospects in Malaysia to 2040; and a focus on the four key issues that will shape the direction of the region’s energy system: power grid interconnection, energy investment, energy access and fossil fuel subsidies.
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Decarbonisation Pathways for Southeast Asia
G7 report The International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Institute of Energy Economic, Japan (IEEJ) have developed and published long-term decarbonisation pathways for Southeast Asia and Indonesia. This paper provides a comparison of modelling approaches, quantitative drivers, and results from the IEA and IEEJ pathways, highlighting areas of agreement, as well as identifying and explaining differences, and thereby to derive implications. The IEA pathway used in the comparison is the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS) from the World Energy Outlook 2022 and the Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia. The IEEJ pathway is the net zero CO2…
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Partner Country Series - Thailand Electricity Security Assessment
Thailand is a rapidly growing country with a large middle class, and as a result may be undergoing a structural transition, changing the nature and shape of electricity demand in the coming years. Thai energy policy is driven by the three pillars of security, affordability and environmental sustainability. Concerns over fuel diversity underlie all three of these pillars and thus are a major driver of Thailand’s current long-term view of power sector development. Thailand is seeking to diversify its power sector over the next two decades by increasing coal generation and an increase in both domestic and imported…
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IEA Support to Accelerating Renewable Energy Permitting (ARPE)
Between October 2023 and March 2025, the IEA implemented the “Accelerating Renewable Energy Permitting” (ARPE) action. The goal of ARPE was to support five EU Member states – Finland, Ireland, Lithuania, the Netherlands, and the Slovak Republic (Focus countries) – in developing and implementing policy and regulatory measures aimed at reaching their renewable energy targets, notably through accelerating permitting of renewable energy projects.In support of this objective, the IEA organised and facilitated five workshops focused on the following topics:streamlining administrative proceduresaccelerating offshore wind deploymentfacilitating spatial planning for renewable energy deploymentensuring public engagement and acceptance, and afinal workshop summarizing the project…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Netherlands 2000
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Netherlands 2000 The International Energy Agency's 2000 review of the Netherlands' energy policies and programmes. It finds that Dutch citizens are very environmentally minded. They are prepared to pay extra for clean and renewable energy to meet the national climate commitments. The government has set ambitious targets for reducing carbon dioxide emissions and increasing the share of renewables in the energy market. The Netherlands aims at cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 50 million tonnes by 2010, and at raising the share of renewables from 1% in 1995 to 10% in 2020…
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Regional Energy Efficiency Policy Recommendations: Southeast Asia Region
Working with energy efficiency policy experts from ten countries in Southeast Asia, the IEA and partners including the Asian Development Bank, the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP), the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Indonesia and the International Copper Association Southeast Asia (ICASEA) developed this set of twenty region-specific energy efficiency policy recommendations. These recommendations seek to help countries in Southeast Asia overcome barriers to energy efficiency uptake and realise the tremendous benefits of energy efficiency for their economies.
The IEA also worked with regional partners to develop energy efficiency policy recommendations for the Arab-Southern…