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Fuel economy in Italy
…effectively requires all new light-duty vehicles to have zero tailpipe CO2 emissions.Italy introduced a programme to promote CNG and LPG in the transport sector in 2003, along with purchase incentives and scrappage bonuses for CNG and LPG cars in 2009. In 2014, Italy became the first EU member state to mandate the use of advanced biofuels. Starting in 2018, gasoline and diesel must contain 1.2% advanced biofuel, reaching 1.6% in 2020, and 2% in 2022. Under a new amendment to the 2019 budget, Italy introduced a Bonus-malus scheme. A one-off subsidy ranging from EUR...
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The Potential Role of Carbon Pricing in Thailand's Power Sector
Thailand is committed to playing its part in the international efforts aimed at addressing climate issues. As it is for most countries, the power sector in Thailand is among the largest emitters, accounting for 38% of energy-related CO2 emissions. Hence, reducing the emissions from this sector is fundamental in reducing the country’s total emissions. This report explores the potential role of carbon pricing in driving emissions reduction in power generation and supporting a clean energy transition in the country.
Building on the understanding of the current power market structure and future development plans, this report leverages on the… -
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Italy 1999
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Italy 1999 This IEA report provides a comprehensive, in-depth assessment of the energy policies of Italy, including recommendations on future policy developments. The Italian government is undertaking major reforms in the energy sector. It has started to decentralise energy policy, giving more responsibilities to regions and local authorities. Thus, co-ordination across regions and with the national government is becoming an important issue. In February 1999, competition was introduced in the electricity sector. The Government is also preparing a Legislative Decree to implement the EU Directive on natural gas. In enforcing…
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Deploying Renewables in Southeast Asian Countries
Deploying Renewables in Southeast Asian Countries This paper is part of the IEA ongoing analysis of global renewable energy markets and policies. It focuses on six Southeast Asian countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam. The report investigates the potentials and barriers for scaling up market penetration of renewable energy technologies in the electricity, heating and transport sectors in the six countries.
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Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2015
…the outlook for the power sector and the increasing share of coal in the region’s electricity generation; the role that Southeast Asia will play in international energy trade and the implications for its energy expenditures; the potential energy and environmental benefits of implementing pragmatic measures that would help limit the rise in the region’s greenhouse gas emissions; an in-depth analysis of energy prospects in Malaysia to 2040; and a focus on the four key issues that will shape the direction of the region’s energy system: power grid interconnection, energy investment, energy access and fossil fuel subsidies.
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Decarbonisation Pathways for Southeast Asia
G7 report The International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Institute of Energy Economic, Japan (IEEJ) have developed and published long-term decarbonisation pathways for Southeast Asia and Indonesia. This paper provides a comparison of modelling approaches, quantitative drivers, and results from the IEA and IEEJ pathways, highlighting areas of agreement, as well as identifying and explaining differences, and thereby to derive implications. The IEA pathway used in the comparison is the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS) from the World Energy Outlook 2022 and the Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia. The IEEJ pathway is the net zero CO2…
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Partner Country Series - Thailand Electricity Security Assessment
Thailand is a rapidly growing country with a large middle class, and as a result may be undergoing a structural transition, changing the nature and shape of electricity demand in the coming years. Thai energy policy is driven by the three pillars of security, affordability and environmental sustainability. Concerns over fuel diversity underlie all three of these pillars and thus are a major driver of Thailand’s current long-term view of power sector development. Thailand is seeking to diversify its power sector over the next two decades by increasing coal generation and an increase in both domestic and imported…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Italy 2003
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Italy 2003 The International Energy Agency's 2003 review of Italy's energy policies and programmes. This review finds that Italy has made substantial progress in implementing electricity and gas market reforms. The gas market is now fully opened to competition and the electricity market is proceeding towards full opening. The government has reduced its shareholding in ENEL and Eni. New market institutions, notably an energy sector regulator, are now operational. Italy ratified the Kyoto Protocol in June 2002 and launched a national strategy to mitigate climate change in December 2002.
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Regional Energy Efficiency Policy Recommendations: Southeast Asia Region
Working with energy efficiency policy experts from ten countries in Southeast Asia, the IEA and partners including the Asian Development Bank, the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP), the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Indonesia and the International Copper Association Southeast Asia (ICASEA) developed this set of twenty region-specific energy efficiency policy recommendations. These recommendations seek to help countries in Southeast Asia overcome barriers to energy efficiency uptake and realise the tremendous benefits of energy efficiency for their economies.
The IEA also worked with regional partners to develop energy efficiency policy recommendations for the Arab-Southern… -
How Hybrid PV Technologies Can Contribute to the Decarbonisation of Thailand's Power System
In the context of COP 26, Thailand announced that it was aiming for net zero carbon emissions in 2050, with peak emissions by 2030. To achieve these targets, as outlined in the IEA’s Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Roadmap, Thailand will first need to decarbonise the power sector, which will in turn support decarbonisation of the transport and buildings sectors through electrification.Thailand’s clean electricity transition is at the heart of the cooperation between the IEA and the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), supported by the Ministry of Energy in the Kingdom of Thailand (MOEN). Work area one…
