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Belgium Oil Security Policy
…are held in tank farms in neighbouring countries under bilateral agreements. Oil infrastructure Ports and pipelines The Port of Antwerp is Belgium’s main sea terminal for oil trade (both crude and oil products), and is a major refuelling site for international shipping. The Port of Antwerp is also home to most of Belgium’s refining and chemical production capacity. The smaller Port of Zeebrugge is served by two oil products pipelines and has a storage for marine bunker fuels and a shipping refuelling terminal. The Rotterdam Antwerp pipeline (RAPL) is Belgium’s only cross border pipeline for crude oil…
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Sustainable Transport for Georgia: A Roadmap
The International Energy Agency (IEA) developed this Sustainable Transport Policy for Georgia roadmap under the European Union-funded five-year EU4Energy programme, which supports evidence-based energy policy and data capabilities in Eastern Partnership countries, including Georgia.The roadmap supports sustainable transport planning at national and city levels, summarising legislation, planning documents, and research on passenger and freight transport. Key metrics include accessibility, safety, convenience, equity, energy efficiency, emissions reduction, congestion and service reliability. Policies and targets are proposed to help Georgia meet the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and achieve its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) pledges.The government of…
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Belgium 2022
Energy Policy Review The International Energy Agency (IEA) regularly conducts in-depth peer reviews of the energy policies of its member countries. This process supports energy policy development and encourages the exchange of international best practices and experiences to help drive secure, affordable and clean energy transitions.Belgium’s energy and climate policies push for energy transition through expanding renewable electricity generation and electrifying energy demand, especially for transport. Policies focus on maintaining affordable access to energy with the double aim of protecting vulnerable consumers and ensuring industrial competitiveness. Belgium has made notable progress on deploying offshore wind and increasing…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Belgium 2005 Review
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Belgium 2005 Review Belgium continues to make measured progress in its energy policy, particularly with respect to electricity market liberalisation. The country has acted to improve the independent functioning of the electricity market and harmonise it with that of its neighbouring countries. Furthermore, an electricity exchange will begin operation shortly. However, to enable Belgian customers to fully benefit from energy market liberalisation, more work needs to be done. In 2003, Belgium decided to phase out nuclear power between 2015 and 2025. As nuclear energy supplies about 55% of the country’s electricity…
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Belgium's legislation on oil security
Introduction There are two acts of law which primarily govern the Belgian response to oil supply shortages in emergency situations: first, the more general 1976 Law Approving the Agreement (LAA) on an International Energy Programme (IEP) and second, the more specific 2006 Compulsory Stockholding Act (CSA). The LAA takes the form of a framework act provides for a very general legal framework aimed at the protection of Belgium’s oil supply.The CSA implements the European Union (EU)’s Directive 2009/119/EC and lays out a specific legal framework concerning the protection of Belgium’s energy supply by stockholding…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Belgium 2009 Review
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Belgium 2009 Review Belgium is making commendable progress towards a clean and sustainable energy future. Energy intensity has recently declined, as have greenhouse gas emissions. Measures have been implemented to promote energy efficiency. Public funding for energy R&D has risen substantially. Energy security measures have been reinforced for different fuels, and an integrated emergency response policy is under development. Market reforms are advancing in both the electricity and gas sectors. Belgian energy policies are playing an increasingly important role in ensuring energy security not only in the country but also in…
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Belgium Natural Gas Security Policy
Country Energy Security Policy - Natural Gas Natural gas overview Without domestic natural gas production, Belgium imports natural gas via cross-border pipelines, subsea pipelines and Belgium’s only LNG terminal located in Zeebrugge. Natural gas net imports are mainly from the Netherlands and Norway. L-gas (low-calorific gas) produced in the Netherlands accounted for roughly one-fifth of Belgium’s gas supply.Belgian gas demand has fluctuated around 18 bcm over the past decade, led by industry, which accounted for approximately 40% of total gas demand, followed by electricity and heat generation, residential buildings, and service sector buildings. Gas…
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Strategic actions to support energy statistics
This document “20 strategic actions for energy statistics” has been drafted in 2016 by the IEA under theEU4Energy programme to support the 11 countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia in elaborating action plans for the development of their energy statistics. EU4Energy is a 4 year action supported by EU funding, with the objective of promoting evidence-based policy-making in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The document focuses on three aspects of energy statistics central to the EU4Energy programme and the development of statistics in the focus region: improving energy data…
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Georgia energy profile
This report gives an overview of the energy sector of Georgia, focusing on energy security and energy system transformation aspects.
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Belgium 2001
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Belgium 2001 The International Energy Agency's 2001 review of Belgium's energy policies and programmes. It finds that due Belgium’s geographical setting, cross-border trade has a significant influence on the country’s energy policy. Belgium has actively increased its gas transmission capacity, and has become key player in the overall European gas markets. There is still room for improvement, however, in the electricity transmission capacity.
Belgium has started to liberalise its electricity and gas market. But the traditional utilities Electrabel and Distrigas retain much influence. Further efforts are required…