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South Africa Case Study
Cost of Capital Observatory Case Study The Cost of Capital Observatory is an initiative from the IEA, the World Economic Forum, ETH Zurich and Imperial College London. The aim of the Observatory is to increase transparency in the energy sector and inspire investor confidence, especially in emerging and developing countries where data on financing costs is scarcer.Case Studies include lessons learnt of how policymakers, together with the private sector, development finance institutions and other entities managed to mitigate risks and mobilise capital for clean energy sectors across the emerging and developing world.
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Clean Energy Transitions in the Greater Horn of Africa
…is committed to developing clean, reliable and affordable energy systems, which are essential for achieving sustainable development objectives. It is also committed to helping African countries use energy sector transformation to cope with and recover from crises such as the Covid‑19 pandemic and the Russian Federation’s (“Russia” hereafter) invasion of Ukraine, which have destabilised economies and energy systems. This can be done by improving data, informing decision making and guiding policy implementation, in collaboration with local, regional and international institutions. This report focuses on the eight countries in the greater Horn of Africa region, here defined as Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia…
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Kenya Energy Outlook
…nearly 70 TWh in the AC, as light industry grows and as ownership of household appliances and cooling systems increases; efficiency standards avoid a further 8 TWh of demand. Kenya electricity access solutions by type in the Africa Case Kenya has seen one of the fastest increases in electrification rates within sub-Saharan Africa since 2013: by 2018, 75% of the population had access.Kenya aims to reach full access by 2022; the grid would be the principal least-cost solution for the majority of the population (mainly in the south) still lacking access. Today three-stone fires are still…
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South Africa Energy Outlook
…and gas in the energy mix.In the AC, the role of coal in South African industry and power generation is already decreasing, while that of gas and renewables is increasing. South Africa is reliant on coal but is making efforts to diversify as its coal-fired fleet is ageing; new projects will not fully compensate for the decline of the existing fleet.The government is focussing on diversifying the power mix by introducing natural gas and renewables, including concentrating solar power (CSP); South Africa has excellent natural resources for CSP development. Oil is the largest fuel in the end…
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Fuel economy in South Africa
…trends Light-duty vehicle (LDV) sales have been decreasing since 2017 in South Africa, with 503 000 LDVs sold in 2019. Average fuel consumption of new LDVs decreased on average by 1.3% per year between 2005 and 2019 in South Africa. In 2019, average fuel consumption of LDVs reached 7.4 litres of gasoline equivalent per 100 kilometres, which is 2.8% above the global average. Differentiated vehicle registration taxes introduced in 2010 helped spur improvements in average fuel consumption.With a sales share of 49% in 2019, SUVs/pick-up trucks dominate the LDV market in South Africa…
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E4 Country Profile: Energy Efficiency in South Africa
Overview South Africa accounts for 12% of economic activity in all of Africa and 30% of electricity demand. Currently, it is one of the most energy intensive economies, at 0.179 ktoe per unit GDP (in 2015 USD PPP) compared with world average of 0.111. The current energy mix is dominated by coal and oil and accounts for 85% of the almost 50 GW of coal-fired capacity on the continent. The Government of South Africa intends to diversify its energy mix away from coal. It also intends to increase domestic vehicle production, including a target of 20% of…
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The Covid-19 crisis is reversing progress on energy access in Africa
…resulting in a lack of financing available for expanding and improving electricity infrastructure. In Uganda, for instance, public subsidies for the electricity access programme have been put on hold, while in South Africa, authorities had to redirect funds to health and welfare programmes and facilities at the expense of expanding rural electrification.Furthermore, private companies deploying decentralised energy solutions like solar home systems and mini-grids have faced operational and financial challenges because of the pandemic. In large countries like Ethiopia, lockdown measures have affected distribution chains and reduced sales by 20% in the first half of 2020 compared with…
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Scaling Up Demand Flexibility
From peak management to efficient system operation This report has been developed as part of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Digital Demand-Driven Electricity Networks (3DEN) initiative to examine the growing importance of demand flexibility in electricity systems amid rising demand, increased renewable energy integration and the electrification of power systems. Case studies in chronological order to examine the changing role of demand flexibility over time from South Africa (2025), Thailand (2030) and Ireland (2035) demonstrate how demand flexibility improves reliability, reduces costs, supports renewables integration and manages network constraints. To realise these benefits, the report emphasises the role for…
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Clean Energy Transitions Programme 2023
…market in China. These and other policies announced in 2023 were all closely aligned with IEA recommendations and reinforced the Agency’s status as a trusted advisor to emerging and developing countries. The programme’s accomplishments also included the publication of the IEA’s first Latin America Energy Outlook and a World Energy Outlook Special Report on universal access to clean cooking in Africa. Additional highlights included annual updates of our World Energy Investment and World Energy Employment reports along with many others.The programme also provided support to the IEA’s strategically important work on energy efficiency, critical minerals…
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Clean Energy Transitions Programme 2022
…Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia, which ministers strongly welcomed at the G20, and has played a key role in shaping Indonesia’s landmark Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP). Similarly, the IEA has been able to take its engagement to a whole new level with various African countries, such as with its first-ever report on the Clean Energy Transitions in the Greater Horn of Africa, and provided policy advice that was directly accepted into China’s latest five-year plan. More broadly, it has also supported strategically important work on critical minerals, energy employment and clean energy investment…
