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Fuel economy in the United Kingdom
…a zero emission vehicle mandate, alongside a CO2 regulation. Following consultation with stakeholders on a new framework, regulatory proposals will begin in early 2022. The Passenger Car (Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emissions Information) regulations came into force in 2001 and require fuel consumption and CO2 data to be displayed in several ways. The first-year tax rate for vehicles registered on or after April 2017 are based on the amount of CO2 the car emits, while electric vehicles remain exempt from taxes. Currently, a plug-in grant close to USD 3 000 is applied to purchase of new electric cars.
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Fuel economy in Germany
…vehicles have grown to claim more of the LDV market. Sales of electric powertrains in 2019 were 1.9% of LDV sales. Hybrid vehicles were 2% of LDV sales, followed by plug-ins at 1.2%SUV sales shares in Germany were 33% of LDVs sold in 2019, compared to the global average of 44%. However, this number has increased from a 6% sales share in 2005. Sales of city, medium and large cars have suffered as a result, with for instance city car sales shares dropping from 24% in 2005 to 18% in 2019. The average weight of vehicles…
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Renewables 2020
Analysis and forecast to 2025 In May 2020, the IEA market update on renewable energy provided an analysis that looked at the impact of Covid-19 on renewable energy deployment in 2020 and 2021. This early assessment showed that the Covid-19 crisis is hurting – but not halting – global renewable energy growth. Half a year later, the pandemic continues to affect the global economy and daily life. However, renewable markets, especially electricity-generating technologies, have already shown their resilience to the crisis. Renewables 2020 provides detailed analysis and forecasts through 2025 of the impact of Covid-19 on renewables in…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: The United Kingdom 2012 Review
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: The United Kingdom 2012 The United Kingdom is preparing for a deep decarbonisation of its energy system. The country has decided to halve its greenhouse gas emissions from 1990 to 2027 and to cut them by a total of 80% by 2050. For this to happen, significant private-sector investment in new energy infrastructure is needed. As it seeks concrete solutions to the low-carbon investment challenge, the United Kingdom is leading by example. The United Kingdom’s proposed Electricity Market Reform is a pioneering effort that will be closely observed by…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: United Kingdom 2019 Review
The United Kingdom is a global leader in decarbonisation, both in terms of actual emissions reductions and ambitions set out in five-year carbon budgets. The carbon price floor has supported coal-to-gas switching which, combined with a record investment in offshore wind and solar PV, is transforming the UK power sector. By 2030, wind and solar are expected to reach above 50%, more than in any other country. Solutions for flexible electricity markets and technologies need to be scaled up. Coal and nuclear power capacity is going to retire and new nuclear faces a weak outlook, the contribution…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Germany 2013 Review
Since the 2007 IEA review of Germany’s energy policies, the country has taken two fundamental policy decisions that will guide its energy policy in coming decades: the federal government adopted the Energy Concept, a comprehensive new strategy for a long-term integrated energy pathway to 2050; and, following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident in March 2011, Germany decided to accelerate the phase-out of nuclear power by 2022 starting with the immediate closure of the eight oldest plants. This decision resulted in the adoption of a suite of new policy measures and determined renewable energy as the cornerstone of…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Germany 2002
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Germany 2002 The International Energy Agency's 2002 review of Germany's energy policies and programmes. This edition finds that Germany is pursuing several ambitious objectives in its energy policy, notably cutting greenhouse gas emissions and fully liberalising the electricity and gas markets, while phasing out nuclear power.
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: The United Kingdom 2006 Review
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: The United Kingdom 2006 Review The United Kingdom is facing a critical moment in its energy policy: North Sea oil and gas production is declining, dependence on imported energy is increasing, while rising energy prices and climate change considerations pose further challenges. Energy Policies of the United Kingdom 2006, the second thematic review of an IEA country, addresses these challenges, focusing on energy investment, energy efficiency and the return of nuclear power to the political agenda. Almost all coal-fired and nuclear power capacity in the United Kingdom will be retired within…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Germany 2007
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Germany 2007 Few countries can have as great an impact on energy policy in Europe as Germany. Its large size and strategic location make it a critical component of the region’s energy markets – as a result, sound energy policies and strong energy market design are a necessity. In these respects, Germany continues to make notable progress. The country has continued to reform its electricity and natural gas markets, set a timetable to phase out coal subsidies, is meeting key climate and environmental targets and is bringing energy, efficiency and environment to…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: United Kingdom 2002
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: United Kingdom 2002 The International Energy Agency's 2002 review of the UK's energy policies and programmes. It finds that the UK energy sector has performed remarkably well during the 1990s. The gas and electricity markets opened up to competition. Real gas and electricity prices fell. Domestic natural gas replaced coal in the power industry, and carbon dioxide emissions and air pollution declined as a result. Increased oil and gas production on the UK continental shelf has contributed significantly to these developments. Central to the success of the energy sector however…