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Railway Handbook 2016
Produced in collaboration with the Union Internationale des Chemins de Fer The production of the Railway Handbook 2016 has been an important opportunity to strengthen the collaboration between the IEA and the UIC. This relationship has served to enrich and improve the knowledge of activity, energy and emissions data associated with the railway sector. Part I of this year’s Handbook is dedicated to presenting the most significant data and trends concerning energy consumption and CO2 emissions from the rail sector, focusing on the most important Regions in terms of rail activity, namely EU 28, USA, Japan, Russia, India and…
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Railway Handbook 2015
Produced in collaboration with the Union Internationale des Chemins de Fer The collaboration of the IEA and the UIC in collecting, elaborating, and presenting activity, energy, and CO2 emissions data was carried out for the fourth time through the release of the Railway Handbook 2015. For this edition, significant methodological improvements were implemented leading to better consistency between the different indicators presented in this Handbook, in addition to updates of the global data, as well as regional breakdowns for those regions that we consider the most relevant from the point of view of transport activity: European Union, USA, Japan, Russia…
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Russian Electricity Reform
Russian Electricity Reform The government of the Russian Federation has embarked on a highly ambitious program of electricity reform. Russian policy makers have recognised that attracting timely and appropriate investment will remain a substantial and ongoing challenge, which can most effectively be addressed through the creation of efficient electricity markets operating in response to genuine price signals, within a robust and predictable legal and regulatory framework. Only such markets, in which competition is based on transparent prices that accurately reflect costs, can deliver the efficient, reliable and internationally competitive performance needed to meet the government’s economic targets in the…
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Optimising Russian Natural Gas
Reform and Climate Policy Optimising Russian Natural Gas The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries. This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and…
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Coal Mine Methane in Russia
Coal Mine Methane in Russia This report discusses coal mine methane emissions (CMM) in the Russian Federation and the potential for their productive utilisation. It highlights specific opportunities for cost-effective reductions of CMM from oil and natural gas facilities, coal mines and landfills, with the aim of improving knowledge about effective policy approaches.
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Oil Market Report - May 2017
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world’s most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights Weakness in a number of previously solid countries - India, US, Germany and Turkey - curtailed the 1H17 global demand growth estimate by 115 kb/d. Global demand growth is, however, still forecast at 1.3 mb/d in 2017, with demand at 97.9 mb/d.Global oil supply fell by…
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A 10-Point Plan to Reduce the European Union’s Reliance on Russian Natural Gas
Measures implemented this year could bring down gas imports from Russia by over one-third, with additional temporary options to deepen these cuts to well over half while still lowering emissions.Europe’s reliance on imported natural gas from Russia has again been thrown into sharp relief by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on 24 February. In 2021, the European Union imported an average of over 380 million cubic metres (mcm) per day of gas by pipeline from Russia, or around 140 billion cubic metres (bcm) for the year as a whole. As well as that, around 15 bcm was delivered in…
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Development of Energy Efficiency Indicators in Russia
Development of Energy Efficiency Indicators in Russia The key findings of the IEA work with the Russian Federation on developing energy efficiency indicators form the core of this report. Russia is sometimes referred to as “the Saudi Arabia of energy efficiency”; its vast potential to reduce energy consumption can be considered a significant energy reserve. Russia, recognising the benefits of more efficient use of energy, is taking measures to exploit this potential. The president has set the goal to reduce energy intensity by 40% between 2007 and 2020. In the past few years, the IEA has worked closely with Russian…
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Energy Policies Beyond IEA Countries: Russia 2014
Russia’s energy sector plays an essential role for the Russian economy, its energy security and global hydrocarbon supplies. Russia holds among the world’s largest resources of gas, oil and coal. Its liquids production has reached historical highs, yet major additional upstream investments and technology upgrades will be needed to sustain these levels in the long term. Its gas production is also at high levels, with Gazprom being the dominant producer, and with other companies now taking significant roles. Since the last IEA review of Russia’s energy policies in 2002, the power sector has also liberalised considerably. The…
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Oil Market Report - November 2018
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world’s most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights The outlook for global oil demand growth is largely unchanged at 1.3 mb/d in 2018 and 1.4 mb/d in 2019, as a weaker economy is largely offset by lower oil prices. OECD demand is expected to increase by 355 kb/d in 2018, slowing to 285 kb…