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Fuel report
Oct 2018
Energy Efficiency 2018
…current technology. This delayed action on energy efficiency ends up locking in inefficiencies that mean much stronger action needs to be taken in the future. 2.2 million barrels of oil per day If all countries had adopted the best passenger fuel economy standards. 16% of industry electricity use If all countries had adopted the strongest electric motor standards. $20 billion If everyone had purchased the top 10% most efficient refrigerators. The Efficient World Scenario So what will the world look like if between now and 2040 countries implemented all the economically viable energy efficiency potential that is available? The…
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Report
Oct 2009
Assessing Measures of Energy Efficiency Performance and their Application in Industry
Assessing Measures of Energy Efficiency Performance and their Application in Industry This paper explores different measures of energy efficiency performance (“MEEP”) and considers the importance of so-called boundary definitions when measuring energy performance, and how these affect the appropriateness of country comparisons to guide policy decisions.
The paper also addresses the limitations of both energy intensity and technology diffusion indicators as measures of energy efficiency performance. A case study on Japan’s iron and steel industry illustrates the critical role of proper boundary definitions for a meaningful assessment of energy efficiency in industry. -
Country report
Apr 2026
Energy Efficiency in China’s Buildings Sector
…the data that tracks progress in achieving them. Regulation for new buildings in China, such as building codes, is relatively strong. However, as the rate of construction is slowing, policy priorities are shifting towards retrofitting existing buildings. Here, the IEA estimates that through strong policy action and best-in-class technology, China could reduce energy consumption by up to 65% in buildings constructed between 1995 and 2010, representing energy savings of over 8 000 Petajoules.The report includes examples from across China and the world on leading regulatory instruments, financial incentives, and information-based tools that can drive energy efficiency…
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Technology report
Nov 2015
Railway Handbook 2015
…the Railway Handbook 2015. For this edition, significant methodological improvements were implemented leading to better consistency between the different indicators presented in this Handbook, in addition to updates of the global data, as well as regional breakdowns for those regions that we consider the most relevant from the point of view of transport activity: European Union, USA, Japan, Russia, India, and China. This edition devotes particular attention to the energy efficiency of rail vehicles. This is achieved by providing information on the energy efficiency of trains in different world regions, with a richer set of indicators for the European Union.
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Statistics report
Nov 2015
Special data release with revisions for the People's Republic of China
…with detailed energy balances for 2011 to 2013 and using these the IEA revised its 2011-13 data based on these newly available figures, published in this document. The revisions show significant changes both on the supply and demand side for a number of energy products, resulting in breaks in time series between 2010 and 2011. For the years 2000-10, revisions will be published in the next edition of IEA publications in summer 2016. The revised energy balances released by the NBS integrate findings from a national economic census for all years since 2000. The revised balance data solve…
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Article
12 Feb 2021
E4 Country Profile: Energy Efficiency in China
…Ensuring that China seizes all efficiency opportunities in a cost-effective manner will be crucial for both China and the world’s transition to low-carbon energy.Energy consumption could reach a peak by 2030 and save 16 EJ - the equivalent of France and Germany’s energy use - by 2040 compared to current trends. These savings would come from the industrial (41%) and transport (30%) sectors. Moreover, CO2 emissions could fall 26% below current levels, preventing 2 Gt CO2-eq additional emissions by 2040 compared to current trends. The opportunities to increase energy efficiency based on the Efficient World Scenario…
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Country report
Aug 2015
Partner Country Series - Energy Use in the Chinese Building Sector
Energy and environmental impacts associated with the building sector in the People's Republic of China are significant, representing nearly 16% of total global final energy consumption in buildings. China has experienced unprecedented economic growth and buildings construction since 2000. There is a unique opportunity to drive investments with technological and policy initiatives leading the way towards a more sustainable buildings sector that can offset expected energy consumption growth. While China’s energy consumption per capita is still low by global standards, the total impact of energy use and emissions in the buildings sector – on the Chinese economy, on local…
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Country report
Dec 2025
China’s Official Energy Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies
…linked to uneven availability of concessional or long-tenor finance.This report maps and analyses these changes through an energy sector-level dataset covering 2015 to 2024. It explores how China’s evolving financing model is reshaping instruments, institutions and regional allocation patterns, and also considers the strategic and practical implications for EMDE energy transitions.The analysis is complemented by case studies covering a range of technologies and financial structures – from large-scale renewables and electricity distribution to green industrial projects, waste-to-energy and upstream developments – which show how China’s official actors operate in practice across contrasting markets…
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Country report
Nov 2017
World Energy Outlook 2017: China
…total generation falls from two-thirds today to less than 40% in 2040 as a result.The rise of electricity and natural gas is closely connected in the industrial and residential sectors, as these energy sources provide a good match for the needs of lighter industrial sectors and for a population increasingly concerned about local air quality.China also increases the direct use of renewables in end-use sectors, via bioenergy in industry, solar thermal for heating and biofuels for transport. By 2040, electricity becomes the leading source of final energy consumption in China, overtaking coal in the late 2020s…
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Report
Mar 2024
Clean Energy Transitions Programme 2023
…Energy Outlook and a World Energy Outlook Special Report on universal access to clean cooking in Africa. Additional highlights included annual updates of our World Energy Investment and World Energy Employment reports along with many others.The programme also provided support to the IEA’s strategically important work on energy efficiency, critical minerals, energy employment, clean energy investment and people-centred energy transitions. The CETP supported the IEA’s efforts to improve energy data collection and to develop capacity among policy makers in partner countries. It contributed to the Agency’s role as a key coordinator of the global energy…