Underpinning the scenario analysis of the GEC Model, an extensive effort is made to update and expand the list of energy and climate-related policies and measures that feed into our modelling. Assumptions about government policies are critical to this analysis and are the main reason for the differences in outcomes across the scenarios. A summary of some of the key policy targets and measures for different sectors by selected countries and regions can be found in the Annex B of WEO-2025.

Although all care has been taken to ensure accuracy, completeness and clarity of content in these databases, this does not represent a complete listing of all energy related policies in the region or country covered. For various reasons information can be difficult to find or confirm, and some information is subject to the translator's discretion. If you have more up-to-date information, please help us improve the quality of this service by contacting the IEA at policies@iea.org.

The policies considered are additive across scenarios: measures listed under the STEPS supplement those in the CPS. Additional policy assumptions are incorporated in the APS and NZE Scenario, presented as indicative policy-making and decarbonisation milestones that would steer global energy systems to these outcomes.

The published tables begin with broad cross-cutting and energy supply policy frameworks, followed by more detailed policies by sector: power, industry, buildings and transport. Some regional policies have been included if they play a significant role in shaping energy at a global scale (e.g. regional carbon markets and standards in very large provinces or states). The tables do not include all policies and measures; rather they highlight the policies principally shaping global energy demand today, being derived from an exhaustive examination of announcements and plans in countries around the world. Industry-led initiatives and manufacturing targets that are partially or fully met in the IEA scenarios are the final element making up Annex B of the WEO.

The IEA’s Global Energy Policies Hub provides a unique database on the current state of energy policy worldwide. This tracker includes over 5 000 policy records as of November 2025 and inventories the most up-to-date policies for 85 countries in the IEA’s Policies and Measures Database. It captures regulations, government spending programmes and framework policies by bringing together regular updates from the IEA’s stand-alone global methane tracker, critical mineral policy tracker, government energy spending tracker. This policy information has been collected from governments, partner organisations and IEA analysis. Governments have an opportunity to review the policy information periodically.

The International Energy Agency is at the forefront of global efforts to assess and analyse persistent energy access deficit, providing annual country-by-country data on access to electricity and clean cooking (Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7.1) and the main data source for tracking official progress towards SDG targets on renewables (SDG 7.2) and energy efficiency (SDG 7.3). The IEA is one of the appointed co-custodians for tracking global progress on SDG 7 alongside IRENA, UNSD, the World Bank, and WHO. More details can be found in the SDG 7 database and the energy access methodology of the GEC Model documentation.