Oil displacement by mode and scenario, 2025-2035

Notes

CPS = Current Policies Scenario; STEPS = Stated Policies Scenario; EVs provide mobility services that would otherwise be delivered by conventional fossil fuel-powered vehicles. Oil displacement is estimated based on the fuel consumption of internal combustion engine and hybrid electric vehicles required to travel the same distance. More detailed information on the methodology is provided in Annex A in the Global EV Report 2026.