Direct and indirect job creation from deploying 2.5 Mtpa of hydrogen over 10 years

Sources

IEA analysis based on Hanna et al. (2024), CE Delft (2021), LBST (2021), NRCan (2020), Navigant (2020), Vivid Economics (2019), HyNet (2018), UNECE (2021).

Notes

C&M = construction and manufacturing; O&M = operating and maintenance expenses . Assuming a 75/25 split in solar PV/onshore wind and global productivity in 2023 instead of Ukraine-specific values. Productivity fixed over time. Jobs associated with manufacturing for onshore wind and solar PV have a hatched pattern because those will most likely be located abroad.