Availability of production along battery supply chains relative to demand outside China, 2024

Sources

IEA analysis based on Benchmark Minerals Intelligence, BNEF, EV Volumes, InfoLink, S&P Global and ChinaIOL.

Notes

Cathode and anode refer to active materials. All facilities able to produce graphite anodes suitable for battery applications are included in global anode manufacturing capacity. Battery refers to lithium-ion battery cells. For the midstream and downstream, manufacturing capacities are used, while for critical minerals and materials, production is used. Assumes production outside of China is set to 85% of nameplate capacity