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The Netherlands
The Netherlands aims to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050, and numerous measures have been introduced to support achievement of this goal. A competitive auctions process awards subsidies to renewables, hydrogen and carbon capture, based on avoided CO2 emissions. An offshore wind roadmap is driving rapid deployment and aims for 11.5 GW of capacity by 2030, while strong innovation programmes support deployment of key decarbonisation technologies. Electricity from solar has experienced an impressive growth, with the Netherlands ranking among the top countries in the world for installed PV capacity per capita. The Netherlands will need to closely monitor…
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
![The Netherlands Flag]()
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IEA Support to Accelerating Renewable Energy Permitting (ARPE)
…IEA implemented the “Accelerating Renewable Energy Permitting” (ARPE) action. The goal of ARPE was to support five EU Member states – Finland, Ireland, Lithuania, the Netherlands, and the Slovak Republic (Focus countries) – in developing and implementing policy and regulatory measures aimed at reaching their renewable energy targets, notably through accelerating permitting of renewable energy projects.In support of this objective, the IEA organised and facilitated five workshops focused on the following topics:streamlining administrative proceduresaccelerating offshore wind deploymentfacilitating spatial planning for renewable energy deploymentensuring public engagement and acceptance, and afinal workshop summarizing the project’s findings.The objective of these workshops…
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Northwest European Hydrogen Monitor 2025
…edition of the Northwest European Hydrogen Monitor. It provides an annual update of low-emissions hydrogen market developments in Northwest Europe and is the result of collaboration among the countries involved in the Hydrogen Initiative of the Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM-H2I) workstream entitled “Roundtable on the North-West European Region” and the hydrogen working group of the Pentalateral Forum.The countries analysed in this Monitor are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Market monitoring is accompanied by regular dialogues with key stakeholders to facilitate the exchange of information and data collection.
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How governments can best support consumers during this energy crisis
…on energy in absolute terms, broad-based price reductions often deliver greater financial gains to higher-income groups. For example, a recent study in the Netherlands estimates that around 70% of the total value of a broadly applied reduction in fuel excise duty ends up benefiting middle-high and higher-income groups.This is particularly important because lower-income households are also the most exposed to energy price shocks. At the height of the 2022 energy crisis, low-income households in advanced economies spent around one-quarter of their income on energy – up 4 percentage points from 2021. By contrast…
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Global Hydrogen Review 2026 Policy
…5 dollars go to supply.The number of national hydrogen strategies has stabilised at 66 globally, and recent updates have focused either on implementing strategy actions (Brazil, Mauritania, Romania) or revising targets downwards (Chile and the Netherlands). Yet most countries remain behind their targets, even when considering projects with strong potential to come online by 2030. Only two countries, the Netherlands and China, are on track to achieve their 2030 targets.To support demand creation, the European Commission has proposed a low-emissions steel quota for public procurement, and a quota for low-emissions steel used in cars and vans to contribute…
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Gas Market Lessons from the 2022-2023 Energy Crisis Anatomy of a natural gas crisis
…gas supply. However, the combination of plateauing demand and rapid decline in EU domestic production, which started in the early 2010s (linked to the decision to phase out the historical Groningen gas field in the Netherlands), led to growing dependency on gas imports across the European Union. The Russian share of the European Union’s gas supply grew from close to 30% in 2010 to over 45% by 2019 – a significant concentration in gas supply for the bloc.This increased supply concentration and reliance on Russian gas occurred against a particular geopolitical backdrop: Previous breaches in energy security, including the…
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Electricity 2026 Prices
…costs and encourage demand‑side flexibility. Wholesale prices continue to differ across regions In many markets wholesale prices increased year-on-year in 2025 amid higher gas prices, following declines in 2024 compared to 2023. The average EU wholesale price in 2025 was up around 10% y-o-y to about USD 95/MWh, in line with the 9% increase in the Title Transfer Facility (TTF) natural gas price at the trading hub in the Netherlands. This was also supported by higher EU Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS) prices, which rose by 15% y‑o‑y, averaging around EUR 75/t CO2 in 2025. Average EU wholesale electricity…
- Executive summary
- Demand
- Supply
- Grids
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+ 4 pages
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Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Electric vehicles
…2025. The biggest EU car market – Germany – saw significant growth in electric car sales, as did Spain and Italy, following a reintroduction of purchase subsidies in those two countries. Other large-volume markets saw growth in electric car sales as well. In Poland, sales increased by 140%, while the Netherlands saw a 25% rise. In France, sales volumes were similar to 2024. Europe as a whole overtook China as the fastest growing major market for electric cars. In the United Kingdom, sales rose by over 25%. In Norway, battery electric cars reached a record 96% share of all car sales…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles
…hovering around 60%. In Europe, the world’s second-largest market for electric buses, sales increased by almost 15% in 2024, bringing the sales share to more than 13%. Several countries, including Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands and Norway, now have electric bus sales shares of more than 40%. The United Kingdom continues to have the largest number of sales in Europe, accounting for around 20% of the region’s sales in 2024, with a year-on-year growth of over 40% and almost 2 000 electric buses sold in 2024. Italy follows, with almost 1 200 sales, and then Germany with almost 900…
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Global EV Outlook 2025 Electric vehicle charging
…1 million. However, there are significant variations across countries due to differing rates of EV adoption and charging infrastructure development. Within the European Union, 11 out of 27 countries saw their public stock of charging points increase by more than 50% in 2024 compared to the previous year. At the end of 2024, the Netherlands had the largest national charging network in Europe, with over 180 000 public charging points, followed by Germany (160 000) and France (155 000). In Austria, 8 000 public charging points were added in 2024, most of which were supported by a subsidy that ended at the beginning of 2025. Installation…
