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Renewables 2022 Transport biofuels
Forecast summary Biofuel use expands in 2022 despite rising costs Global biofuel demand is expected to be 6% or 9 100 million litres per year (MLPY) higher in 2022 than in 2021. Renewable diesel makes up the largest share of this year-on-year expansion, thanks to attractive policies in the United States and Europe. Blending requirements and financial incentives support demand growth in India and Brazil, and Indonesia’s 30% biodiesel blending requirement also boosts biodiesel use in that country. Nevertheless, we have revised year-on-year growth downwards 25% from our 2021 forecast, with price and market developments…
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Global Energy and Climate Model Current Policies Scenario (CPS)
The 2025 edition of the World Energy Outlook (WEO) reintroduces the Current Policies Scenario (CPS). It was a regular feature of the International Energy Agency suite of scenarios until the WEO-2020, when it was discontinued amid turmoil in energy markets and rapid changes in the policy landscape during the Covid-19 pandemic. Now that the world has passed through the pandemic and the global energy crisis triggered at the outset of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, there is merit in revisiting the CPS. The scenario relies only on measures that are formally written into existing legislation and regulation, and…
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Vehicle software and software-defined vehicles
GEVO 2026 - Chapter 8 The transition from mechanical to software-based vehicle control has been underway for decades and has accelerated dramatically with the rise of EVs. Pure-play EV makers have pioneered the shift towards high-level, continuously updateable software-based vehicle control, speeding up the development and rollout of new features. Vehicles are evolving into software platforms for which users can access subscription‑based premium features, in the same way as for smartphones. A new design paradigm is emerging, with EVs at the forefront The digital transformation of the car industry is most evident in the emergence of software…
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Energy and AI AI and energy security
The nexus between energy and AI has implications for energy security. There are at least two broad dimensions to this relationship. The first arises from the impact of AI on energy security. AI can be – and indeed already is being – applied to address specific challenges relating to energy security concerns. At the same time, greater digitalisation and connectivity in the energy sector – which enable the use of AI – can create new energy security challenges. The second dimension arises from the need to mitigate energy sector-related supply chain risks, which have implications for the scaling up of data centres to meet…
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Second-Hand Goods Act 2009
The Second-Hand Goods Act of 2009 establishes a comprehensive framework for regulating recycling activities in South Africa, with a particular focus on metal recycling. The legislation aims to prevent the trade in stolen metals whilst ensuring ethical recycling practices through strict registration and monitoring requirements. The Act focuses primarily on the recycling of controlled metals, including base metals such as copper, aluminium, zinc, chrome, lead, nickel, tungsten, and tin. It also covers various alloys including brass, bronze, ferrovanadium, ferrosilicon, and ferrochrome. This comprehensive list ensures thorough regulation of valuable and commonly recycled metals within the industry. The Act provides…
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Support to Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPS)
Canada supports the JETPs in Indonesia, Vietnam, South Africa and Senegal. JETPS are financing cooperation mechanism, the aims of which are to help a selection of heavily coal-dependent emerging economies make a just energy transition. The goal is to support these countries' self-defined pathways as they move away from coal production and consumption while doing so in a way that addresses the social consequences involved, such as by ensuring training and alternative job creation for affected workers and new economic opportunities for affected communities.
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Upstream Petroleum Resources Development Act 2024
The Upstream Petroleum Resources Development Act 2024 sets the regulatory framework for the licencing rights to oversee oil fields in South Africa. The award for petroleum right is done through a competitive administrative licensing round.
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CoalCO2-X
The CoalCO2-X program is a collaborative mechanism co-funding a project involving three German and five South African partners, coordinated by Germany's Fraunhofer Institute. The program focuses on converting CO2 emissions from South Africa's coal-fired power plants into various commodity chemicals and fertilizers using green ammonia and hydrogen. By capturing and transforming CO2 and other pollutants, the program aims to reduce the environmental impact of these power plants and serve as a key enabler for the decarbonization of the chemical and energy sectors. The project is planned to be conducted between September 2022 and August 2025…
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Air Quality Act
The act aims at setting limits and controls over air pollutants of industrial installations in South Africa. The standards for newly built combustion installations are as follow: Solid fuels: SO2 to 500 mg/nm3 // NOx to 750 mg/nm3 // PM to 50 mg/nm3Liquid fuels: SO2 to 500 mg/nm3 // NOx to 250 mg/nm3 // PM to 50 mg/nm3Biomass: SO2 to 500 mg/nm3 // NOx to 750 mg/nm3 // PM to 50 mg/nm3Gas: SO2 to 400 mg/nm3 // NOx to 50 mg/nm3 // PM to 10 mg/nm3The standards for existing combustion installations are as follow: Solid fuels…
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White Paper on Renewable Energy and Clean Energy Development
…and provide affordable access to energy throughout South Africa, thus contributing to sustainable development and environmental conservation. South Africa has an estimated existing (in 2000) renewable energy (RE) contribution of 11 278 GWh/annum mainly from fuelwood and waste. The Renewable Policy White Paper sets up the medium-term target (10-year) of 10 000 GWh or 0.8 Mtoe RE contribution to the final energy consumption by 2013 in addition to the existing RE contribution. At the basic level, the RE policy attempts to remove barriers that prevent RE penetration in the South African market.
The policy addresses 5…