• Policy

        • Serbia

        • 2026

        Law on the Tax on Import of Carbon-Intensive Products

        The legislation targets specific categories of goods, including iron, steel, cement, fertilizer, and aluminum, by imposing a levy based on their associated greenhouse gas emissions. The tax rate is set at four euros per ton of CO2 equivalent. 

        • Policy

        • Republic of Turkiye

        • 2021

        Green growth technology roadmap

        The roadmap identifies technological needs and solutions for climate change adaptation and mitigation in critical sectors like Iron and Steel, Aluminium, Cement, Chemical, Plastic, and Fertilizer. It also set targets for 2026, 2030, and 2035 to achieve Türkiye's 2053 net zero emission target.

        • Policy

        • People's Republic of China

        • 1997

        Emission standards for pollutants from atmospheric sources

        There are emission standards for pollutants from atmospheric stationary and mobile sources, ranging from the iron and steel to mineral wool to pharmaceutical industry.

        • Policy

        • Malaysia

        • 2026

        Malaysia Carbon Tax

        Malaysia’s Minister of Finance has announced that Malaysia will start imposing a carbon tax on the iron, steel and energy sectors starting in 2026.

        • Policy

        • Nigeria

        • 2020

        Strategic Minerals List

        On 18 June 2020, the Nigerian Minister of Mines and Steel Development announced the designation of seven strategic minerals for the country in a forum organised by the Nigerian Economic Summit Group. The seven strategic minerals are coal, iron ore, bitumen, gold, limestone, lead-zinc and barite. Alongside the seven named minerals, the ministry also indicated interest in other critical minerals for the future, including "titanium, tungsten, lithium and cobalt, which have various applications in futuristic industries such as aerospace, telecoms and electric vehicle manufacturing." The intent of the designation was to stimulate resource-based industrialisation and unlock potential in…

        • Commentary

        • 19 Jan 2026

        7 certainties about energy for this age of uncertainty

        ED commentary The energy sector, like many others, is contending with a blizzard of uncertainties, complicating the work of policymakers, business leaders and investors.Geopolitical twists and turns are straining long-established relationships and upending deeply held assumptions. The World Uncertainty Index, devised by economists from the IMF and Stanford University, has hit unprecedented levels in recent months.But in this time of flux, there are still some important trends that we can identify with some confidence. Here are seven that can help us keep our bearings: The world has entered the age of electricity Oil and gas will still…

        • Policy

        • Canada

        • 2022

        Quebec's Green Hydrogen and Bioenergy Strategy

        Québec released its Green Hydrogen and Bioenergy Strategy in 2022. Hydrogen will be prioritized for uses where other decarbonization options are limited: substitution of high-carbon hydrogen and other uses in industrial processes (iron, steel and petroleum), in the production of derivatives like methanol and synthetic fuels, use of hydrogen in heavy transport to complement direct electrification and as part of regional clean energy hubs. Québec is primarily targeting the use of hydrogen for domestic decarbonization, with exports looked upon as a long-term objective.

        • Policy

        • Jordan

        • 2007

        Agadir Agreement

        The Agadir Agreement provides for the gradual elimination of border tariffs among its signatory countries for industrial and energy products, including  :Minerals, metals and related products (notably iron, steel, aluminium)Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc Industrial products, including cars and other vehicles, or power generation devicesNuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, etc Fertilizers Signatory countries can however determine specific national import restrictions based on the prohibitions listed by the Economic and Social Council of the League of Arab States for security, religious, health or environmental reasons.Rules of origin delineated in the agreement set the following conditions for a product to benefit from preferential…

        • Policy

        • Mexico

        • 2000

        Free Trade Agreement - Israel and Mexico

        The Free Trade Agreement between Israel and Mexico entered into force in July 2000. It provides for the elimination of border tariffs for most energy products and its constituents, including : Agglomerated and reduced iron and AluminaScrap metal and Ammonia Crude steel and Aluminium Nitrogen fertilisers Solar PV Modules, Solar Cells, and Solar WafersPolysilicon and Battery packs and battery cellsElectrolysers Heat pumps Electric cars and ICE cars Rules of origin delineated in the Agreement include provisions preventing goods only undergoing minimal transformations in one of the signatory countries, or incorporating non- originating materials evalued at more than 10 percent of the transaction value of the good to…

        • Policy

        • Panama

        • 2004

        Chinese Taipei-Panama Free Trade Agreement

        The Free Trade Agreement between Chinese Taipei and Panama entered into force in 2004, providing for preferential import tariffs for most products traded between them, notably iron and steel, minerals, hydrocarbons, nuclear reactors, quartz reactors, semiconductors, automotive parts etc. Rule of origins apply to qualify for preferential tariff treatment : products should be wholly obtained, produced or have undergone a sufficient production process in the territory of the signatories, or satisfy a 55% minimum local value content requirement.

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