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                • Topic

                Energy and Water

                …as well as climate change. This has significant implications for ensuring both energy and water security. Energy's water problem Energy demand for water desalination is poised to double to 2030 Almost all of the world’s water demand is met by groundwater and surface water. However, water stress has led to an increase in the use of non-traditional resources, such as saltwater. This requires desalination, the process of separating saline water (seawater or brackish water) into freshwater and concentrated salt. Global energy demand for desalination has nearly doubled since 2010, and current trends point to another doubling to…

                • Country

                Cambodia

                Cambodia’s electrification rate is the second-lowest among South East Asian countries. Cambodia plans to increase its power generation capacity by building hydropower and coal-fired plants by 2025, which can contribute to improve self-sufficiency of power supply.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
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                • + 5 pages

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                • Country

                Türkiye

                Rapid economic and population growth in Türkiye over the past two decades have not only driven strong growth in energy demand, but also an associated increase in import dependency. As a result, Türkiye has pursued a restructuring of its energy system with the aim of rationalising energy demand growth, lowering energy prices and slowing the pace of import growth.
                These reforms have included measures targeted at modernisation, liberalisation and increased domestic production capacity. Notably, Türkiye has seen considerable diversification of its energy mix in the past decade. Renewable electricity generation has tripled in the past decade and the commissioning of…

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                • + 5 pages

                Türkiye Flag
                • Energy system

                Nuclear Power

                A new era for nuclear energy beckons as projects, policies and investments increase
                As the world’s second-largest source of low-emissions electricity after hydropower, nuclear power today produces just under 10% of global electricity supply. Now, fresh momentum around the world has the potential to open a new era for nuclear energy.
                Power generation from the global fleet of nearly 420 active nuclear reactors is set to reach a record high in 2025 as Japan restarts production, maintenance works are completed in France, and new reactors begin commercial operations in various markets, including China, Europe, India and Korea…

                Nuclear Jpg
                • Country

                Tajikistan

                Hydropower is the main source of energy in Tajikistan, followed by imported oil, gas and coal. However, Tajikistan's energy sector is prone to supply shocks, due to seasonal shortages. Energy policy focuses on providing uninterrupted energy access to all users while improving regional co‑operation and energy sector efficiency, but significant domestic and foreign investment will be necessary for continued energy sector development. Tajikistan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.

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                • + 5 pages

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                • Country

                Costa Rica

                Costa Rica’s energy policy aims to move from a fossil fuels based energy system towards renewable energy sources and to expand its power generation capacity, replacing old power generating stations and developing new projects.

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                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Costa Rica Flag
                • Energy system

                Natural Gas

                …markets, which have been tight and volatile for several years, are set to undergo major changes by the end of this decade. The unfolding coming wave of liquefied natural gas (LNG) production capacity is set to rebalance the global gas market, enhance energy supply security and improve the affordability of natural gas.
                About 300 billion cubic metres (bcm) per year of LNG export capacity – a record – is set to be added by 2030, primarily supported by liquefaction capacity additions in the United States and Qatar. This expansion could translate to a net LNG supply increase of 250 bcm a year…

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                • Country

                Mexico

                Mexico’s energy and economic profile presents both challenges and opportunities as a major oil producer, exporter and through its growing domestic energy demand. Mexico was the first large oil producing emerging economy to adopt climate legislation in 2012 and has seen growth in renewable electricity generation from wind and solar, which almost tripled from 2015 to 2022. However, strong action is needed across all sectors to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and bring down greenhouse gas emissions.

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                • + 5 pages

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                • Policy

                • Korea

                • 2008

                Energy-saving design standards for buildings

                …standards for energy-saving design such as the prevention of heat loss, standards for the preparation of energy conservation plans and design reviews, and matters related to the promotion of the construction of green buildings.Since 2025, these standards have been strengthened through the expansion of mandatory Zero Energy Building (ZEB) requirements to private sector buildings, including residential complexes (≥30 units) and buildings typically above 1,000 m². This extends earlier requirements that applied primarily to public buildings and effectively raises minimum energy performance expectations for new construction. Compliance increasingly requires integration of high-efficiency systems and renewable energy contributions…

                • Policy

                • Belarus

                • 2006

                Energy Saving Programme 2006-10

                On 2 February 2006, the government of Belarus approved the republics energy saving programme for 2006-2010. The programmes primary aim is to reduce GDP energy intensity, and replace fuel and energy imports by local resources.
                Part of the programme involves renewable energy sources. The use of local, waste, alternative and renewable energy resources is to increase by 1.7 million tons of fuel equivalent. Special attention is paid to the development of alternative and renewable energy resources.
                The programme determines the amount of fuel-energy resources and their distribution among the national state governmental bodies, state-run organisations and…

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