-
World Energy Investment 2026 How we track investment in energy
…asset. For energy efficiency, the measurement task is more complex and much of the expenditure is by consumers for whom purchases of more efficient goods are not investments per se. In WEI 2025, as in other recent IEA reports, investment in energy efficiency aims to reflect the incremental spending by companies, governments, or individuals to acquire a piece of equipment that is more efficient than the local market average. Due to the different possible methodologies available, this estimate of energy efficiency investment is not definitive but still included to provide a comparison with the scale of investment in energy supply…
-
Sheltering From Oil Shocks
…of supply is having significant impacts in global markets, pushing up prices for crude oil above $100/barrel, and leading to much higher prices for some refined products – notably diesel, jet fuel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Concerns are growing about the impacts of higher prices on households, businesses and the broader economy.In this report, the IEA details 10 demand-side options open to households, businesses and governments to shelter themselves from today’s oil shock and relieve the strains on affordability. These are based on the IEA’s longstanding expertise on energy security and on specific country examples.
-
Global Energy and Climate Model About the Global Energy and Climate Model
…2025 modelling cycle The key sectoral and topic-specific model developments undertaken in 2025 include the following:The policies used to inform the GEC Model are now fully available online in the Policies and Measures Database and analysed in the Global Energy Policies Hub.Across all end-use sectors (buildings, industry, transport) energy-related investments assessments have been enhanced by incorporating new input data and a refined methodology for energy efficiency investments. All the investments for end-use sectors aims to reflect the incremental spending by companies, governments, or individuals to acquire a piece of equipment that is more efficient...
-
Financing Clean Energy in Africa Designing finance solutions for clean energy: solutions for key sectors
…renewables. The poor financial health of utilities has hampered investment to date, but models have emerged for greater private sector participation in this segment. Adoption of these models increases private sector investment in grids from 4% to 10% by 2030. Energy efficiency is not currently a priority for many sources of concessional capital: it is only explicitly covered in around 15% of financing instruments. Efficiency plays a major role in the SAS, but higher upfront costs can complicate investment. Numerous innovative financing models are being trialled, from large-scale approaches to those targeting small and medium-sized enterprises and consumers…
-
Energy Efficiency 2024 How is the dumping of inefficient equipment affecting efficiency progress?
…alone the differences are very large. For example, the median efficiency of air conditioners in the sub-Saharan Africa region is only 3.1 W/W, while it is 4.7 in Southeast Asia, close to the 5‑6.5 W/W the NZE Scenario foresees by 2030. At the same time, household budgets for the purchase and use of appliances differ strongly due to global wealth and income inequalities. The result is that access to efficient appliances that reduce household energy expenditure is very unevenly distributed.In addition, lower efficiency equipment, both new and second-hand, is typically exported to lower-income…
-
Sheltering From Oil Shocks Targeted consumer support to enhance energy affordability
…of high prices Governments can support low-income households by reducing their energy costs or giving them money to help pay for energy. Unlike universal subsidies which benefit everyone, targeted programmes focus only on vulnerable or eligible groups making assistance more efficient and reducing government spending.In response to the crisis in the Middle East, the United Kingdom has announced an allocation of GBP 53 million to support vulnerable heating oil customers and is committed to ensuring help reaches those who need it most. In 2022, learning from the Covid-19 crisis where universal payments led to increased energy consumption…
-
National Energy Efficiency Strategy 2024 -2034
The National Energy Efficiency Strategy 2024-2034 pursues improving energy security, reducing poverty, promoting innovation, and mitigating climate change, with a broad scope covering thematic sectors such as electricity supply, cooking, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying, transportation, and building.
-
Gaining an Edge Summary for policymakers
…energy costs could be reduced by up to an estimated USD 600 billion. This opportunity is not only present in heavy industries, but also in the lighter industries that form the backbone of many economies, collectively accounting for half of global industrial value added and two-thirds of jobs.Meanwhile, the manufacturing of energy efficiency technologies represents a new opportunity. Global investment in energy efficiency continues to accelerate, increasing by 150% since 2015. Rising indicators, from manufacturing capacity to RD&D investments, signal ongoing market growth. Firms that position themselves as producers, as well as users, of energy efficiency technologies…
-
Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency for Business Health and well-being
…workforce is concentrated. Improved energy efficiency is often associated with better thermal comfort and indoor air quality. On average, employees require between two and three fewer sick days per year following such interventions. At the same time, healthier and more comfortable working environments have been shown to improve productivity. Together, these effects amount to the equivalent of nearly eight additional productive working days per employee, delivering additional output from labour costs that are already incurred. Efficiency can significantly reduce worker exposure to local air pollution and associated health risks Air pollution is a major risk to health, with an estimated…
-
Household energy spending as a share of household income, Advanced Economies, 2019-2024
Energy Security Energy Efficiency and Demand