IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Nigeria
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Policy

                • Italy

                • 2017

                Mobility Plan Trento

                In the Mobility Plan for the Trento Province, investments were planned for 21 million EUR

                • Flagship report

                • Apr 2026

                Global Energy Review 2026 OilOil

                …share of the overall rise in oil use.In 2025, the growth of oil products for transport fuels – which accounted for the largest share of oil product demand – was largely steady. Despite the year’s climate of macroeconomic uncertainty, overall economic performance remained broadly robust in most major markets, which supported growth in mobility demand. However, the effect on total oil consumption growth was eroded by the rising electrification of road transport and higher biofuels use. An additional factor supporting oil demand was steadily falling prices over the course of 2025, with an average decline of 15% compared with 2024…

                • Key findingsKey findings
                • Global trendsGlobal trends
                • OilOil
                • Natural gasNatural gas
                • + 9 pages

                Abstract experimental background pattern
                • Country report

                • May 2026

                Portugal 2026 Executive summaryExecutive summary

                …direction for public authorities, industry and consumers.Maintaining social acceptance of the energy transition requires ensuring that the benefits of clean, efficient and affordable energy reach all people. In particular, low‑income households, which are more exposed to high energy costs, inefficient housing and limited access to affordable, low-carbon mobility options, should be empowered to participate in the energy transition. This is especially important in Portugal, where energy poverty remains well above the European average. Although Portugal has a national strategy on energy poverty, many support programmes do not reach those the most in need. At the same time, electrification…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • InfographicInfographic
                • Policy recommendations for PortugalPolicy recommendations for Portugal
                Photo depicting aerial view of the center of Porto and the Dom Luis bridge shutterstock 2478638959
                • Country report

                • Jun 2026

                Luxembourg 2026 Executive summaryExecutive summary

                …incentives and advisory services. To complement these financial incentives, Luxembourg would benefit from a more strategic approach to space heating, using municipal heat mapping and heat planning to identify where district heating is viable and where electrification through heat pumps is the most cost-effective.As the largest contributor to both energy demand and emissions, the transport sector must ramp up efforts to lower oil consumption. While Luxembourg was the first country in the world to introduce free public transport and put in place a well‑considered plan to promote public transport and active mobility, fuel sales to foreigners and hi...

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • InfographicInfographic
                Aerial view of a beautiful village in Luxembourg on the riverbank shutterstock 2470278171
                • Flagship report

                • Jun 2025

                World Energy Investment 2025 Executive summaryExecutive summary

                …States, where supportive policies were motivated in part by the desire to challenge China’s position in emerging clean technology supply chains. Emissions reductions provide a powerful reason to invest, but are often not the primary driver for investment in technologies that are increasingly mature and cost-competitive. Investment trends are being shaped by the onset of the ‘Age of Electricity’ and the rapid rise in electricity demand for industry, cooling, electric mobility, data centres and artificial intelligence (AI). Ten years ago, investments in fossil fuel supply were 30% higher than those for electricity generation, grids and storage. Today, these…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Source, flows and destination of global energy-related investment spendingSource, flows and destination of global energy-related investment spending
                • How we track investment in energyHow we track investment in energy
                • United StatesUnited States
                • + 9 pages

                World Energy Investment 2025 Pexels Pixabay 531360
                • Country report

                • Nov 2025

                Sustainable Transport Policy for Armenia: A Roadmap Accelerating sustainable transportAccelerating sustainable transport

                …support long-term strategic planning.Accelerating sustainable transport requires targeted investments in modern infrastructure – from freight corridors that support multimodal transport to an expanded, reliable network of charging stations. It also calls for rethinking of regulatory frameworks, with incentives for speeding the shift to electric mobility and stricter measures to limit the impact of internal combustion engines.This chapter lays out a strategic blueprint, examining a range of policy options, technological upgrades and financing mechanisms. The objective is clear: to help Armenia transition quickly and decisively to a transport system that meets modern standards of safety and efficiency while supporting…

                • Executive summaryExecutive summary
                • Sustainable transport in ArmeniaSustainable transport in Armenia
                • Accelerating sustainable transportAccelerating sustainable transport
                • Policy recommendations and milestonesPolicy recommendations and milestones
                Shutterstock 2544985873 - Aerial view of Yerevan
                • Policy

                • Tunisia

                • 2026

                Electric mobility programme

                The programme aims to reduce transport energy consumption and its environmental impact by introducing electric/hybrid vehicles into the national vehicle fleet as well as charging stations and by introducing regulatory framework. 

                • Policy

                • Portugal

                • 2024

                Green Mobility Package - Freight (5 measures - 55 million euros of investment) Encourage the decarbonization and digitalization of transport

                Measure 3 - Promoting the purchase of zero-emission freig htvehicles- Support for the acquisition of zero-emission vehicles dedicated to logistics to the value of 3.5 million euros (Electric light freight vehicles,  Electric or conventional cargo bikes)- Support of €6,000 per light goods/freight vehicle, for a total of €1.2 million (an increase of 33% compared to 2023)- Support of €1,500 per electric bicycle and €1,000 per conventional bicycle, for a total of 300,000 eurosMeasure 4 - Support the installation of new 2nd generation digital tachographs-Government launches support of 2.5 million euros for…

                • Policy

                • Brazil

                • 2024

                Green Mobility and Innovation Program - Mover

                The Green Mobility and Innovation Program (Mover) aims to support local manufacturing of electric vehicles by granting tax incentives to companies producing automotive items, strategic solutions for mobility and logistics, as well as the use of raw materials and components for these vehicles. Tax incentives are subject to specific pre-requirements. For cars and light vehicles, companies must invest more than 0.3% of total gross sales revenue, excluding taxes. For trucks, buses, auto parts and automotive systems, it must be greater than 0.6%. 

                • Policy

                • Spain

                • 2020

                Spain mobility stimulus - Hydrogen renewable research

                Industrial innovation for renewable H2 for sustainable mobility, includes the development of new technologies and prototypes oriented to new models for the domestic market and the anticipation of market needs from exportation. The programme will be executed using the instrument "Science and Innovation Missions: Sustainable and Intelligent Mobility", increasing the endowment and giving priority to the projects that meet the described objective. In Point 3.1, EUR 25 million are alocated to hydrogen mobility.
                It is part of the Hydrogen investment of the Recovery, transformation and resilience plan.

              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.