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Contributor
Salomé Zourabichvili
President. Salomé Zourabichvili took office as President of Georgia in December 2018. Ms Zourabichvili served as Georgia’s Minister of Foreign Affairs in 2004-2005 and was elected to its parliament in 2016. She also previously worked in the French diplomatic service and for the UN Security Council, as well as teaching at the Institute of Political Studies in Paris.
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Policy
Finland
2021
Sustainable growth agenda / Pillar 1/ 1- The framework of the energy system
…socially, and economically sustainable growth and to meet its target of carbon neutrality by 2035. Within the first pillar of the plan, this sub-area is composed of the following measures: - Reform to ban the coal energy use by 2029: electricity and heat production should be emission-free by 2030. The coal phase-out will help to achieve this goal. - Reform of energy taxation to reduce industrial emissions and create incentives for innovation. - Investments for energy infrastructure: transmission and distribution, energy efficiency of heating infrastructure, inclusion of wind power, innovative technologies and low-carbon gases & hydrogen (EUR 155…
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Chart
09 Oct 2025
Average consumption by technology in sub-Saharan Africa, 2024
Average consumption by technology in sub-Saharan Africa, 2024 Electricity Access Commentary
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Policy
Canada
2021
Critical Minerals Research, Development and Demonstration Program
The Critical Minerals Research, Development and Demonstration Program (CMRDD) is a Natural Resources Canada initiative designed to advance commercial readiness of mineral processing technologies, supporting zero-emission vehicle value chains and critical mineral development through two major funding streams. Initially launched with a CAD 47.7 million budget allocation in 2021, including CAD 10.95 million specifically for pilot recycling plants and demonstrations, the CMRDD addressed both primary (ore deposits) and secondary sources (mine wastes and electronic waste recycling), with a comprehensive approach to mineral processing advancement. As of September 2024, the CMRDD is providing CAD 192.1 million in…
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Policy
United States
2022
The CHIPS Act - Division B (Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act)
…and mesoscale electrochemistry.Carbon research Provides funding for carbon materials (coal, coal-waste, and carbon ore) research, carbon sequestration research for subsurface geology R&D to support carbon sequestration, and the establishment of two carbon storage R&D centers.Fusion R&D Provides funding for fusion energy material research, establishment of two research teams on pilot fusion plant technology roadmap development, material plasma exposure experiment, the Department of Energy Fusion energy services program and the construction of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor.Directs the National Institute of Standards and Technology to incorporate policies developed by the Manufacturing USA Network…
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Policy
United Kingdom
2020
Subsidies to support green economic recovery in automotive sector
The automotive sector received a GBP 73.5 million investment for advanced technologies in cutting carbon emissions and safeguarding and estimated 14,000 jobs. The aim of the funding is also to increase the amount of low emission cars, commercial vehicles and components. Ten projects from across the UK were chosen to develop cutting-edge technology for electric vehicles, including recyclable batteries, advanced electrical systems and ultra-lightweight components: - LEVC – Electric Vehicle Evolution (Coventry): the London Electric Vehicle Company will develop a new EV technology specifically for its vehicles to deliver increased efficiency and higher performance capabilities - Constellium Ltd – ALIVE…
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Chart
22 Oct 2025
Net storage injections and withdrawals in Ukraine, January 2024 – September 2025
Net storage injections and withdrawals in Ukraine, January 2024 – September 2025 Ukraine’s Energy Security: a pre-winter assessment
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Policy
Portugal
2021
Recovery and resilience plan / Climate transition dimension
This second pillar of Portugal's recovery plan, climate transition, concentrates 18% of the total investments. It contains 8 reforms and 17 investments, divided into the following components (10 to 15); 55% reduction of CO2 by 2030. 10 - Sustainable enhancement of economic activities of the sea: EUR 252 million 11 - Industry decarbonisation: EUR 715 million 12 - Sustainable bioeconomy: EUR 145 millionThis component concerns three sectors: textiles and clothing, footwear, and natural resin. The aim is to promote circular economy practices, the use of biomaterials, and digitalization. 13 - Energy efficiency in buildings: EUR 610 million 14 - Hydrogen and renewables: EUR 370 million 15 - Sustainable Mobility…
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Policy
South Africa
2019
South Africa’s Low-Emission Development Strategy (SA LEDS) 2050
…flexible document. The strategy takes cognisance of the extensive body of work that has already been developed within the country over the last two decades and focuses on how South Africa can implement what hasalready been defined in its transitions to a low-emission and climate resilient society and economy. These include measures that the government is already implementingthrough a comprehensive set of strategies, policies and sector plans within the key sectors of the economy. The full execution of these measures, will, among others, depend on international support, including technology transfer, skills and capacity building as well as financial support.
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Policy
European Union
2021
Proposal on the regulation for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, (repealing EU Directive 2014/94/EU)
The original directive, promulgated in 2014, established a common framework of measures for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure in the Union in order to minimise dependence on oil and to mitigate the environmental impact of transport. This Directive set out minimum requirements for the building-up of alternative fuels infrastructure, including recharging points for electric vehicles and refuelling points for natural gas (LNG and CNG) and hydrogen, to be implemented by means of Member States' national policy frameworks, as well as common technical specifications for such recharging and refuelling points, and user information requirements.This has now been repealed…