• Policy

        • Germany

        • 1999

        Eco-Tax Reform

        …including reduced tax levels, compensation for energy intensive industry, commuters, and low-income households. Biofuels were exempt from the mineral oil tax from 2002 until the end of 2008. The law requires that the federal finance ministry (with the help of other relevant ministries) reports on the penetration of biofuels into the market, and the price developmentsof biomass, crude oil, and automobile fuels every two years. Since the law increased the price of fossil fuels, it enhanced the competitive position of renewable energy technologies in the heating sector and the transport sector. Biodiesel particularly benefited as taxes on transport fuels…

        • Policy

        • Saudi Arabia

        • 2017

        Royal Decree No. M / 18 - The petroleum products trade system

        …sale, transport, storage, distribution, import and export. This includes crude oil and its derivatives, including: jet fuel, kerosene, gasoline, diesel, fuel oil, and asphalt. Product priced by state is limited to fuel use for burning purposes while feedstock applications would have to adhere to international prices.  The law requires persons to obtain a permit from this ministry before exporting or importing any petroleum products or materials containing priced or unpriced petroleum products. Any person who trades in petroleum products including buying, selling, distribution or uses petroleum products for commercial purposes without the required permit or approval of the Ministry may…

        • Policy

        • Denmark

        • 2020

        Denmark’s oil and gas exploration ban

        …around EUR 0.8 billion in revenues in 2019. The agreement also commits the government to ensuring a just transition for impacted regions and the approximately 4 000 workers (direct and indirect) currently employed by the oil and gas industry. As part of efforts to support the local area, the government has committed EUR 27 million in support for exploring the potential for carbon capture and storage (CCS) using old oil and gas wells. The plan will also explore opportunities for electrification of existing oil and gas production in the North Sea. The government expects the deal will cut production…

        • Policy

        • Chinese Taipei

        • 2011

        Natural Gas Enterprise Act

        The Natural Gas Enterprise Act sets the policy framework for the development of gas enterprises. It notably includes an obligation for natural gas production or import enterprises to store a minimum defined days of tank capacity on their own.

        • Policy

        • Germany

        • 2021

        Economic Stimulus Package - Preventing levy increase

        Germany's Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) introdcued a levy on consumer electricity prices to pay for energy transition investments. This surcharge was 6.756 ct/kWh in 2020.  The German government, within its Corona economic stimulus package, will subsidise this surcharge in 2021 and 2022, to help ease the economic imapcts on households and businesses in the crisis. The surcharge was set to expand in 2021 to pay for additional solar generators, but the Federal Government decided to limit the EEG-levy to 6.5 ct/kWh in 2021. This action does not increase total support to clean transtion…

        • Policy

        • Cote D'ivoire

        • 1996

        Oil Code

        The Code sets the regulatory framework the oil exploitation in Cote d'Ivoire. It notably states that hydrocarbons stays and remains the exclusive property of the State, and licences can be granted up to 25 years for the exploitation of oil and gas fields in the country.

        • Policy

        • Germany

        • 2018

        Germany’s renewable energy cooperatives

        Throughout Germany, citizens’ cooperatives have developed renewable energy installations, taking a direct role in the country’s clean energy transition. One of the main benefits of community ownership models is that citizens can invest in local facilities where the cost for an individual might be too high. Such models can also include municipalities and companies as participants. A 2018 study found that citizens’ energy ownership amounted to 42% in 2016 (31.5% owned by private individuals and 10.5% by farmers). In that year, there were over 1 000 energy cooperatives across the country. While the shift in remuneration for…

        • Policy

        • Poland

        • 1997

        Energy Law Act

        The Energy Law Act of 10 April of 1997 (with later amendments) established the basis for third party access, independent electricity and gas system, independent power producers, renewable energy sources, least cost planning, integrated resource planning, energy regulatory authority, high efficiency heat and power production, demand side management and energy efficiency labels.Reduction of the fees:Facilities producing electricity from renewable energy sources (up to 5MW) are eligible to benefit from a reduced grid connection fee. Also, they are exempt from paying annual license fees. Energy providers are allowed to incorporate costs of developing renewable energy into their tariff regimes…

        • Policy

        • Germany

        • 2021

        Act to Reduce and End Coal-Fired Power Generation

        …more than 40 bids were awarded a total amount of more than 10 GW, to be closed gradually by 2026. The German government also committed to cover a total of 4.35 billion EUR in payments to utilities for the country's operators of lignite-fired power plants. This would accelerate the shutdown of their assets and waive operator's rights for future lawsuits once they agree to receive the payments.In 2021, the German government considered that an earlier coal phase out was possible, leading the government to envision an exit from coal before 2038. In 2022, the Federal Government…

        • Policy

        • Switzerland

        • 2018

        Law on Energy

        … 

         

        Cantonal legislation in the building sector (heat insulation, individual metering and billing of heating and hot water).  

         

        Financial incentives for the efficient use of energy, renewable sources of energy and waste heat and promotion measures (information, advice, education, training, research, pilot installations, demonstration installations).  

         

        Guidelines and regulations to ensure the economic and environmentally friendly supply of energy (responsibility of the energy industry for the supply of energy, the use of waste heat in power stations which run on fossil fuels, regulations for independent power producers).  

         

        The legislation also continued the system of feed-in tariffs for energy from renewable sources…

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