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Economic growth
…impact of energy efficiency policies on macroeconomic performance still needs to be better understood and systematically measured, studies have highlighted some economic benefits:Growth in economic activityVarious studies have modelled the impact of select energy efficiency policies on economic activity and found a positive correlation. In Canada, an analysis of the country’s policy package at the time found that every USD 1 spent on energy efficiency programmes would generate between USD 4 and USD 7 in GDP between 2017 and 2030. In the United States, a study funded by the Department of Energy estimated that doubling energy productivity could…
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State of Energy Policy 2026
The IEA State of Energy Policy 2026 report provides with a unique review of policy progress made in 2025 across all energy sectors and instruments, with a special focus on government spending, energy efficiency regulations, and the contribution of the energy sector to nationally determined contributions and long-term net zero pledges.This year’s report brings an extensive examination of energy security policies to the period 1973-2025, from oil and natural gas to clean energy technology supply chains and critical minerals. It also spotlights the policy momentum around energy access, most particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, taking stock…
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New projects, partnerships and policies are needed to address supply chain risks for rare earth elements
…highlights growing mismatch between accelerating use of rare earths across a wide range of technologies and slow pace of supply diversification globally Rare earth elements are moving rapidly to the forefront of global policy making for energy, transport, advanced manufacturing and digital technologies as demand continues to expand while supply chains remain highly concentrated, according to a new IEA report developed to inform G7 discussions this year.The importance of the 17 rare earth elements that underpin a wide range of technologies – from electric vehicles and AI data centres to robotics and defence systems – has grown sharply in recent years…
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Closing panel
A panel discussion bringing together insights from across the day to understand how best to strengthen public-private collaboration on energy efficiency, with the aim of achieving shared goals on affordability, security, competitiveness and sustainability.
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Global Methane Tracker 2026
…many countries have made reductions in methane emissions a policy priority as part of their efforts to limit near-term global warming and improve air quality. The energy sector – including oil, natural gas, coal and bioenergy – accounts for more than one-third of methane emissions from human activity and has some of the best opportunities to cut these emissions. The annually updated Global Methane Tracker provides essential data on methane emissions across the energy sector and the opportunities to bring them down.The Tracker presents the IEA's latest sector-wide emissions estimates – based on the most recent data from…
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Energy Business Council Structure
Dialogue among the IEA, the business community and policymakers The IEA Energy Business Council (EBC) brings together some of the world’s largest companies involved in energy exploration, production and consumption, ranging from oil, natural gas and coal companies to automobile and appliance manufacturers, wind and solar producers and financial institutions. The aim of EBC is to promote dialogue among the IEA, business community and policymakers across a broad range of...
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Global Energy and Climate Model
…publications, including the World Energy Outlook series and Energy Technology Perspectives series.In 2021, the IEA adopted for the first time a new hybrid modelling approach relying on the strengths of both models. The integrated framework of the IEA’s Global Energy and Climate Model (GEC Model) is now the principal tool used to generate detailed sector-by-sector and region-by-region long-term scenarios across IEA publications, including the World Energy Outlook series and Energy Technology Perspectives series.Download the GEC Model Methodology document for an in-depth description of the overall approach and features of the model, and…
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Bioenergy
Led by bioenergy, renewable fuels could approach 6% of energy demand from industry, buildings and transport in 2030
By 2030, renewable fuels are set to account for 5.5% of energy consumption from the industry, building and transport sectors. Demand is due to expand in all regions, but it is concentrated in China, Brazil, Europe, India and the United States, which collectively support more than two-thirds of the forecasted growth. All five countries and regions have dedicated support policies for several – and, in some cases, all – renewable fuels. These vary by fuel, sector and country, but they often include…
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Global battery markets are growing strongly – and so are the supply risks
…over 20% from 2024, but its economic and strategic significance extends far beyond market size. Batteries are becoming a cornerstone of the automotive sector, a critical source of flexibility for power systems, and an increasingly important source of back-up power for digital infrastructure, including data centres and artificial intelligence.Beyond energy, batteries remain indispensable for a wide range of industrial and strategic applications, from portable electronics and unmanned defence systems to emerging technologies such as humanoid robots. As applications diversify and costs continue to fall, batteries are evolving into a foundational component of modern economies. This shift carries far…
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New podcast episode explores the state of play for hydrogen
…Podcasts and Spotify, the episode features insights from Energy Technology Analyst José Bermudez, the lead author of the IEA’s annual Global Hydrogen Review. He discusses what has driven enthusiasm about hydrogen across the energy sector, the challenges that have arisen in recent years, and how production could evolve to 2030.The IEA’s Everything Energy podcast offers fresh perspectives on a wide range of global energy issues through conversations with IEA experts.Previous episodes cover the vast potential of geothermal energy, nuclear energy’s comeback, energy and AI, key energy investment trends, the forces shaping oil markets, growing demand for air conditioning…