-
Policy
Croatia
2003
Regulation on mandatory stocks of oil and petroleum products
This Regulation determines the parties responsible (i.e. importers with net imports of at least 25 tonnes of cruide oil and petroleum the previous year) for ensuring mandatory stocks of oil and oil derivatives, the method of ensuring mandatory stocks of oil and oil derivatives, and the supervision of the storage of mandatory stocks of oil and oil derivatives. Separately, the Law on Strategic Commodity Stocks provides for stockpiling by the government.
-
Policy
Germany
2002
Law to Amend the Mineral Oil Tax Law and Renewable Energy Law
A legal reform, the "Law to amend the mineral oil tax law and other laws", was passed by parliament in June 2002. The law raises the cap on total photovoltaic capacity that is eligible for premium payments under the renewable energy law, and extends mineral oil tax exemption to cover all biomass fuels. This law is accepted under reserve of the EU. On the photovoltaic front, the Renewable Energy Law, EEG (erneuerbare Energiegesetz), passed in April 2000, stated that only electricity from the first 350MW of photovoltaic plant capacity installed was eligible for premium payments. The feed-in tariff was…
-
Policy
Italy
2012
2012 Legislative Decree on Minimum Stocks of Crude Oil (249/2012)
The Legislative Decree on Minimum Stocks of Crude Oil (DMS) implements the European Union’s Directive 2009/119/EC and lays out a specific legal framework concerning the protection of Italy's energy supply by stockholding oil and other petroleum products. Article 3(7) DMS specifies that emergency oil stocks must be created and maintained by commercial actors who have in the previous year released for consumption petrol, diesel oil, fuel oil and kerosene type jet fuel and other specified fuel products. Article 7 DMS identifies the parameters governing the holding of emergency stocks by the Italian CSE.
-
Policy
Germany
2007
Integrated Climate Change and Energy Programme
In early 2007, the European Council of heads of state and government, meeting under the German presidency, set the parameters for an integrated European climate and energy policy. This will include climate protection targets and targets for the expansion of renewable energies and increases in energy efficiency. In August 2007, the Cabinet of the German government decided to implement the integrated European climate and energy policy (agreed to in early 2007) by way of an Integrated Climate Change and Energy Programme. This programme has as its guiding principles security of supply, economic efficiency and environmental protection. Through 29 measures, the…
-
Policy
Germany
2004
The federal government's fuel strategy
In 2004, in the framework of the national sustainability strategy and in view of international developments the federal government announced a strategic concept for the period up to 2020. This concept supports the market launch in Germany of alternative or renewable fuels as well as innovative drive technologies which seen from today's perspective are economical and environmentally beneficial in the long term. Furthermore, amendment of the Passenger Vehicle Energy Consumption Labelling Ordinance (Pkw-EnVKV) forms part of the strategy.
-
Policy
Germany
2021
Germany's Renewables Energy Act
As of 14 December 2020, Germany's ruling coalition agreed modifications to its energy law to create the legal basis for continuing the expansion of renewable energy in the long term and help the country meet its goal of producing 65% of its electricity from clean sources from 2030. The law came into force as of 1 January 2021. It seeks to help ensure that both electricity supply and electricity consumption become carbon-neutral before 2050. To this end, the law specifies the pace at which sustainable energy such as wind and photovoltaics are to be expanded over the next…
-
Policy
Netherlands
2012
Law on Stockpiling Petroleum Products
The Law on Stockpiling Petroleum Products implements the European Union’s Directive 2009/119/EC and lays out a specific legal framework concerning the protection of Netherlands’s energy supply by stockholding oil and other petroleum products. It was last amended in 2021.
-
Policy
Croatia
2014
Oil and Petroleum Products Market Act
The Act includes, amongst other measures, but not limited to data reporting on oil consumption, speed limits, restrictions on vehicle, ship, and aircraft usage, gas station hours, and regulations on the consumption and replenishment of mandatory oil stocks.
-
Policy
Hungary
2013
Act No. XXIII of 2013 on Minimum Stocks of Imported Crude Oil and Petroleum Products
Hungary’s response to oil supply disruptions is primarily governed by the provisions of the Act No. XXIII of 2013 on Security Stockpiles of Imported Crude Oil and Petroleum Products that repealed and replaced Act No. XLIX of 1993 on the Security Stockpiles of Imported Crude Oil and Petroleum Products, which aims to implement relevant European Union legislation governing emergency oil stocks.The Hungarian Hydrocarbon Stockpiling Association is the central stockpiling organisation. Importers can subscribe to this association and also contribute to the association's oilstockpiling mandate. The Minister for National Development also has the power to decree demand restraint…
-
Policy
Portugal
2013
Decree-Law No. 165/2013
The decree transposes Council Directive 2009/119/EC of 14 September 2009, which requires Member States to maintain a minimum level of crude oil and/or petroleum product reserves. The stockpilling obligation resides on importers and the National Entity for the Energy Sector (NESE EPE).