• Policy

        • Germany

        • 2012

        Petroleum Stockholding Act

        The Petroleum Stockholding Act implements the European Union’s Directive 2009/119/EC and lays out a specific legal framework concerning the protection of Germany’s energy supply by stockholding oil and other petroleum products. The Petroleum Stockpiling Association is responsible for the creation and maintenance of these stocks. The Act was last amended in 2019.

        • Policy

        • Germany

        • 2016

        Mining Ordinance for the area of coastal waters and the continental shelf (2018 update)

        This ordinance applies to the exploration, extraction, and processing of oil and gas resources in the coastal waters and continental shelf of Germany and associated activities and facilities, including underground transit pipelines.

         

        When selecting methods for exploration, extraction, and processing in offshore areas, the operator must ensure that adverse effects on the sea, seabed, animals, and plants are avoided or kept as low as possible. Employees and third parties are obligated to prevent pollution to the sea and seabed, or keep it as low as possible, and comply with state-of-the-art technology and updated rules. The operator must…

        • Policy

        • Luxembourg

        • 2015

        Act on the Organization of the Market for Petroleum Products

        The Act on the Organization of the Market for Petroleum Products implements the European Union’s Directive 2009/119/EC and lays out a specific legal framework concerning the protection of Luxembourg’s energy supply by stockholding oil and other petroleum products.Oil importers are responsible of the emergency stocks.The Luxembourgian government is entitled to enact measures that restrict the consumption of specific types of oil or oil products. Measures that prioritise certain consumers (article 40(2)(a) OMP), restrict the import, export and transport of some or of all petroleum products (article 40(2)(b) OMP) or regulate…

        • Policy

        • Austria

        • 2012

        Oil Stockholding Act 2012

        …25% each of the imports of crude oil and individual petroleum products, biofuels (and raw materials for biofuels).Importers can stockpile such products with the Austrian Central Stockholding Entity which acts as a central depository. The Austrian Central Stockholding Entity can also stockpile 10% more on their own.Alternatively, importers may fulfill their stockholding obligations by holding compulsory emergency stocks themselves; by participating in the joint holding of compulsory emergency reserves in cooperation with one or more other compulsory stockholders; or by entering into a private law contract under which a counterparty agrees to maintain specified quantities of crude oil…

        • Policy

        • Germany

        • 2023

        National Security Strategy: Integrated Security for Germany

        Germany's National Security Policy lays out integrated security measures to ensure that all areas potentially subject to external threats are covered. It particularly includes a strategy on boosting economic and financial resilience and raw materials security. Citing geopolitical tensions, the federal government commits to strengthening its raw materials and energy security through diversification. To ensure that economic ties do not adversely impact security, the government plans to: reduce critical dependencies and concentration risks;prevent new dependencies in strategically relevant sectors;procure strategically important raw materials from reliable partners;focus on the potential of the circular economy explore the potential of…

        • Policy

        • Serbia

        • 2025

        Law on mandatory reserves of oil, law on mandatory reserve of oil derivatives and law on mandatory reserve of natural gas

        The adoption of these three new laws governing the oil and gas sector helps to strengthen the security, quality and reliability of supply to the domestic market, and harmonizes with European Union regulations in these areas.

        • Policy

        • Germany

        • 2005

        Energy Industry Act (Energiewirtschaftsgesetz)

        A framework policy to enhance competition, security of supply and sustainable energy production, Germanys Energy Industry Act requires electricity labelling according to type of energy source. Furthermore, this Act stipulates supplementary provisions for the access of electricity from renewable sources to the grid as well as the construction of intelligent grids including electricity storage. In 2012 the law was amended to speed up the expansion of offshore wind farms. The major focus is on a system change towards a consistent and efficient offshore grid expansion by introducing a binding offshore grid development plan. This will improve coordination of grid connections…

        • Policy

        • Germany

        • 2021

        German Climate Action Programme - National Fuel Emission Allowance Trading Act (BEHG)

        …using an energy management system. Also, from 2023 they will be required to invest in economically viable climate change mitigation measures as identified by their energy management system. Such investments will have to amount to at least 50% of the compensation payment, or 80% from 2025 onwards.  This measure is part of the German Climate Action Programme 2030, and it is expected to be a relevant financial source for it.The majority of emissions currently covered by the national emissions trading system will be transferred to the EU ETS2. Remaining emissions will continue to be priced under the national system.

        • Policy

        • Sweden

        • 2012

        Regulation (2012:873) on Emergency Storage of Oil

        The Regulation outlines the calculation of national oil and fuel reserves, including biofuels and additives, for energy production. The Swedish Energy Agency determines and reports the required storage percentage each year.

        • Policy

        • Denmark

        • 2012

        Oil Emergency Response Act

        The Act aims to ensure preparedness in the event of supply interruptions in the oil sector, including the maintenance of emergency stocks of crude oil and oil products, and the collection of data on oil conditions in Denmark. It imposes stockholding obligations on companies importing, exporting or facilitating the entry of crude oil or oil products. Alongside the stocks held by companies, Danish legislation also envisions that part of the Danish stockholding obligation is met by stocks held by the Danish Central Stockholding Entity (CSE). The Act was last amended in 2024.

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