IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Nigeria
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Event

                • 29 Jun 2026

                • 14:15

                Sheltering consumers from energy shocks

                A panel discussion focusing on how governments are harnessing energy efficiency in the short term in order to protect consumers from energy price volatility and support a fair transition.

                Event
                • Policy

                • Japan

                • 2020

                Green Growth Strategy through Achieving Carbon Neutrality in 2050

                Japan’s Green Growth Strategy sets out sector-specific decarbonisation pathways across 14 priority industrial sectors, including steel, chemicals, hydrogen, automotive, and power. It defines technology deployment targets, investment roadmaps, and policy support measures to drive industrial transformation, alongside public–private investment mobilisation and innovation funding (e.g. multi-trillion yen GX and Green Innovation Fund support). The strategy serves as the core framework guiding industrial decarbonisation and economic transformation toward carbon neutrality by 2050. 

                • Policy

                • South Africa

                • 2019

                Carbon Tax Act (Act No. 15/2019)

                The Carbon Tax Act, enacted in June 2019, gives effect to the polluter-pays-principle for large emitters and helps to ensure that firms and consumers take the negative adverse costs (externalities) into account in their future production, consumption and investment decisions. Firms are incentivized towards adopting cleaner technologies over the next decade and beyond.The carbon tax is initially only applied to scope 1 emitters in the first phase. The first phase lasted from 1 June 2019 to 31 December 2022, and the second phase will take place from 2023 to 2030. The design of the carbon tax also…

                • Policy

                • Germany

                • 2023

                System Stability Roadmap

                The System Stability Roadmap provides a roadmap for achieving a secure and robust operation of the power supply system with 100% renewable energy sources. The system stability roadmap was developed by the BMWK with the participation of the Federal Network Agency (BNetzA), transmission and distribution system operators, manufacturers, associations, standardization bodies and the scientific community and was adopted by the Federal Government in December 2023. The System Stability Roadmap identifies all processes and process enhancements that are relevant to system stability and shows which actors have to be involved for the implementation. The System Stability Forum under the leadership of…

                • Chart

                • 26 Jun 2026

                Hydroelectricity net capacity additions, 2015-2024

                Hydroelectricity net capacity additions, 2015-2024 energy system pages

                • Chart

                • 20 Apr 2026

                Annual change in global electricity generation by source, 2024-2025

                Annual change in global electricity generation by source, 2024-2025 GER 2026

                • Policy

                • Canada

                • 1999

                Pilot Emissions Removals, Reductions and Learnings Initiative

                In 2006, the Canadian government ended the Pilot ERRL and its related financial incentives for emissions reductions through landfills, renewable energy production and carbon sinks.

                • Policy

                • Denmark

                • 2020

                Climate agreement for energy and industry (CCUS)

                …support Denmark’s long-term goal of becoming a carbon neutral society by 2050, a goal first set in 2011 in the Energy Strategy 2050. Energy Agreements successfully helped creating a climate of trust for investors in clean energy and public acceptability to support the consumer prices of such energy.In 2020, Denmark released a Climate Agreement for Energy and Industry which is focused on the following areas: renewable energy, CCUS, industry, energy efficiency, heating, transport, and tax reform. For CCUS, the agreement starts in 2024 and provides a market based subsidy pool for the purchase and storage of CO2…

                • Chart

                • 08 Apr 2026

                Economic value of downstream production at risk from full export controls by sector, 2025

                rare earth elements Critical Minerals

                • Policy

                • Netherlands

                • 2021

                SDE++ Subsidy Fund for CCS projects

                …and production with CCS.As part of the SDE++ 2021 funding round, the Dutch government confirmed it allocated EUR 2.1 billion (USD 2.56 billion) in grant money for the four customers of the Pothos CCS project: Air Liquide, Air Products, ExxonMobil and Shell. The Porthos project aims to capture and store carbon emissions from Rotterdam Port as a joint venture between the Port of Rotterdam Authority, Gasunie, and EBN, along with Porthos’ customers. A budget of EUR 13 billion is available for SDE++ 2022 funding, up from EUR 5 billion in 2021 and EUR 5 billion in 2020…

              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.