• Country

        The Netherlands

        The Netherlands aims to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050, and numerous measures have been introduced to support achievement of this goal. A competitive auctions process awards subsidies to renewables, hydrogen and carbon capture, based on avoided CO2 emissions. An offshore wind roadmap is driving rapid deployment and aims for 11.5 GW of capacity by 2030, while strong innovation programmes support deployment of key decarbonisation technologies. Electricity from solar has experienced an impressive growth, with the Netherlands ranking among the top countries in the world for installed PV capacity per capita. The Netherlands will need to closely monitor…

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        • Country

        Serbia

        In Serbia, the National Renewable Energy Action Plan set targets of renewable energy sources use until 2020, as well as the pathway to achieve them. Among other things, it enhances investments towards the development of renewables.
        Data for Serbia includes Montenegro until 2004.

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        • Country

        Panama

        Panama's National Energy Plan 2015–2050 outlines long-term strategy for the country’s energy sector development, including renewables. The Plan established that 15% of Panama’s generation capacity will come from renewables by 2030 and 50% by 2050.

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        • Contributor

        Nathaniel Lewis-George

        Former Southeast Asia Programme Officer. Nathaniel Lewis-George supports IEA engagement through the Clean Energy Transitions Programme (CETP) with IEA Association Countries in Southeast Asia - Indonesia, Thailand, and Singapore - as well as ASEAN. This includes project management, programme coordination and delivery, and strategic outreach and advice. 

        • Country

        Spain

        Spain is at the forefront of the energy transition due to its energy and climate change policies. The current Spanish framework for energy and climate is based on the 2050 objectives of national climate neutrality, 100% renewable energy in the electricity mix and 97% renewable energy in the total energy mix. As such, it is centred on the massive development of renewable energy, particularly solar, wind and renewable hydrogen, increasing energy efficiency and improving electrification. This is an opportunity for the country to not only stimulate the economy and by creating jobs through the modernisation of industry, but also to…

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        • Country

        Kazakhstan

        Kazakhstan is a significant producer of coal, crude oil and natural gas, and a major energy exporter. While coal dominates the country’s energy mix, renewable sources of energy are a small but growing share of Kazakhstan’s electricity generation. Gas pipeline network expansion remains a priority, in order to expand access and reduce reliance on coal and LPG for household consumption. Kazakhstan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.

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        • Policy

        • Thailand

        • 2012

        Exemption from corporate income tax for manufacturing of vehicle parts

        Thailand has not ignored the production of components for HEVs and PEVs either. In 2012 it began offering eight-year exemptions from corporate income tax (with a cap) for investment in the manufacture of vehicle parts involving advanced technologies, including batteries for HEVs, PHEVs, and BEVs, as well as traction motors “for automobiles such as hybrid or fuel-cell cars” (Kaewsang, 2013). Producers of these and other qualifying products can extend the number of years of exemption from corporate income tax depending on the share of R&D expenditures in their total revenues (Table 9).

        • Policy

        • Thailand

        • 2026

        Standard B.E. 2568 (2025) on AC Three Phase Induction Motors

        Thailand madates AC three phase induction motors which rated for operation on a sinusoidal voltage supply with the rated power PN from 0.12 kW to 15 kW, the rated voltage UN above 50 V up to 1 kV and have 2, 4, 6 or 8 poles to conform to the Thai Industrial Standard TIS 866 Part 30 (101) – 2561 (2018) 

        • Policy

        • Thailand

        • 2024

        Power Development Plan (PDP) draft

        Thailand's latest draft Power Development Plan (PDP) includes targets to blend hydrogen into its gas-based power sector, initially at 5% and looking to increase the blending ratio to 20% between 2035 and 2037.

        • Policy

        • Thailand

        • 2018

        Roadmap on plastic waste management (2018-2030)

        Thailand’s roadmap on plastic waste has two targets:To reduce and replace single-use plastic by using environmentally friendly products.To have a 100% circular economy by 2027.The roadmap is built upon three phases:The first phase in 2019 is to stop using cap seal, Oxo-degradable plastics and micro beads.The second phase in 2022 is to stop using foam food containers, plastic straws, plastic bags thicker than 36 micron and plastic cup thicker less than 100 micron.The third phase in 2027 is to have a 100% circular economy.The Board of Investment (BOI) grants favorable…

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