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CCUS Projects Explorer
Covers all large-scale CO2 capture, transport, storage, and utilisation projects commissioned or in planning worldwide.
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Policy and financing momentum sustain CCUS progress despite setbacks
…well as broader market uncertainties.Insights from our forthcoming publication, Financing CCUS at Scale, show that more than USD 15 billion in commercial debt has been raised over the past two years – almost exclusively in markets where the government reduced risks across CO2 capture, transport and storage, providing enough certainty and confidence for lenders and investors to step in. This suggests that new CCUS policies are helping spread project risks across the public and private sectors, which in turn is allowing unprecedented levels of private capital to flow into projects. Ensuring this extends beyond a small number of projects, however…
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Financing CCUS at Scale
…latest report on what it takes to move CCUS projects from the drawing board to operation. Building on expert interviews with leading financial institutions, the report investigates the distinctive economic and financial characteristics of CCUS projects, the impact of business models on commercial viability, and how CCUS projects have been financed to date. Based on these insights, the report provides targeted recommendations for policymakers on how to design policy, regulatory and financial frameworks that can more effectively crowd in private capital.The handbook is supported by the IEA CCUS Projects Database and complements the IEA CCUS Handbooks on CCUS Policies and Business Models…
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Cost of Capital Observatory
Tracking the cost of capital for clean energy projects in emerging and developing economies The Cost of Capital Observatory is an initiative from the IEA, the World Economic Forum, ETH Zurich and Imperial College London. The aim of the Observatory is to increase transparency in the energy sector and inspire investor confidence, especially in emerging and developing countries where data on financing costs is scarcer.The Observatory is divided into three sections:A Dashboard that provides free data on the cost of capital for energy projects in emerging and developing economies, updated with 2023 and 2024 data in July and…
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Cobalt
Outlook for key energy transition minerals This report provides an outlook for demand and supply for key energy minerals including copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements. Demand projections encompass both key energy technologies and other uses under different IEA Scenarios. Supply projections are based on a detailed review of all announced projects. They show how today's geographical concentration evolves over time, for both mining and refining and how expected supply compares with primary supply requirements.
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Copper
Outlook for key energy transition minerals This report provides an outlook for demand and supply for key energy minerals including copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements. Demand projections encompass both key energy technologies and other uses under different IEA Scenarios. Supply projections are based on a detailed review of all announced projects. They show how today's geographical concentration evolves over time, for both mining and refining and how expected supply compares with primary supply requirements.
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Why the growth of energy service companies is uneven globally
…this growth remains highly concentrated and uneven. More than 75% of global ESCO investment occurs in just two countries -- the United States and China – where strong policy and institutional frameworks have spearheaded recent growth.In China, successive Five-Year Plans have provided sustained policy direction, driving project values from about USD 5.9 billion in the early 2010s to over USD 22 billion in 2024. Growth has been sustained by progressively tighter energy efficiency and emissions reduction requirements, alongside formal support for energy performance contracting.In the United States, which already had one of the most well-established ESCO markets…
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Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage
Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage
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Nickel
Outlook for key energy transition minerals This report provides an outlook for demand and supply for key energy minerals including copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements. Demand projections encompass both key energy technologies and other uses under different IEA Scenarios. Supply projections are based on a detailed review of all announced projects. They show how today's geographical concentration evolves over time, for both mining and refining and how expected supply compares with primary supply requirements.
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Critical Mineral Traceability for Energy and Economic Security
Amid rising risks linked to the high concentration of critical mineral supply chains, the ability to track where minerals originate, how they move through supply chains, who has custody of them and how they are transformed is increasingly important for policymakers seeking to create diversified and responsible supply chains.This report provides insights from a first-of-its kind survey on traceability conducted by the IEA and OECD. More than 80 respondent companies active across supply chains of the six focus minerals (copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements) provided results between October and December 2025. Drawing on…
