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Access and Affordability
…financial and policy momentum towards these goals, the IEA and its partners hosted the landmark 2024 Summit on Clean Cooking in Africa, which led to $2.2 billion in financial commitments from governments and industry for clean cooking. The second IEA Summit on Clean Cooking in Africa will take place in Nairobi, Kenya, in July 2026. The project by the IEA and Power Africa draws on the IEA’s expertise to support governments with data-driven insights as they work to expand electricity access. Access to electricity This open-source GIS tool, developed in collaboration with the MIT Energy Initiative…
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COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
…of Nationally Determined Contributions, or NDCs, under the Paris Agreement. Strong ambition and implementation of these NDCs will be crucial in determining the pace at which global greenhouse gas emissions decline over the next decade.The IEA is working with the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat and sharing data, analysis and policy advice with governments to inform this process.Our Climate Pledges Explorer tracks existing NDCs and net zero targets for more than 190 countries. The interactive database, which also lays out what each country’s NDC implies for energy sector emissions, is updated regularly. Working with countries to accelerate progres...
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Investment
…investment in the energy sector – especially in emerging and developing economies, where data is often limited. Participants representing a diverse range of financial institutions are invited to attend an annual event hosted at the IEA headquarters in Paris, and regional summits – the latest held in Singapore – are also organised to encourage broad participation across geographies. Participants representing a diverse range of financial institutions are invited to attend an annual event hosted at the IEA headquarters in Paris, and regional summits – the latest held in Singapore – are also organised to encourage broad participation across geographies. Investment in clean energy this year…
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Climate Change
…s energy sector to reach net zero emissions by mid-century, limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, as called for by the Paris Agreement, and avoiding the worst effects of climate change.The rapid growth of some clean energy technologies in recent years – including electric cars, solar PV and batteries – has kept the door to 1.5 °C open. Yet meeting this target would require much faster progress on a much larger scale, IEA analysis shows – with even greater international co-operation and ambition from policy makers, as well as the swift and full implementation of the energy commitments…
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Energy Security
…equivalent to at least 90 days of their net oil imports. IEA members are also obliged to maintain demand restraint programs to rapidly reduce oil consumption during disruptions.The IEA’s oil emergency response mechanisms have proven to be a key stabilising force in global oil markets. Since 1991, the IEA has coordinated six collective responses to major oil supply disruptions, bringing critical additional supplies to oil markets amid turbulence triggered by wars, geopolitical strife and extreme weather events. The largest-ever collective response was announced in March 2026, when IEA Members unanimously agreed to make 400 million barrels of oil…
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Russia's War on Ukraine
…invasion as governments look to strengthen their energy security. At the same time, cleaner alternatives to fossil fuels are growing faster than ever. Due in part to policies unveiled by governments after February 2022, the world’s capacity to produce renewable power is expanding at a remarkable place , while the popularity of clean technologies such as electric vehicles and heat pumps is surging. The biggest legacy of the global energy crisis triggered by Russia's invasion of Ukraine may be that it accelerates the end of the fossil fuel era - with IEA projections now showing that under today's policy settings…
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Critical Minerals
…the sidelines of the IEA’s 2026 Ministerial Meeting. Key findings Diversification is the cornerstone of energy security, yet critical minerals are moving in the opposite direction Critical mineral markets have become more concentrated, not less, particularly when it comes to refining and processing. For copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements, the average market share of the top three refining nations rose to 86% in 2024 from around 82% in 2020, with almost all supply growth coming from the single top supplier: Indonesia for nickel, and China for all others.
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Net Zero Emissions
…the energy sector to achieve this goal at the global level by mid-century. An update to the Roadmap, which has served as an essential benchmark for policy makers, industry, the financial sector and civil society, was published in 2023.The Roadmap is based on the IEA’s Net Zero Emissions (NZE) Scenario, which portrays a pathway for the global energy sector to achieve net zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 2050 while maintaining energy security. This scenario is consistent with keeping long-term global warming to 1.5 °C with limited overshoot. It also aims to meet key energy…
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Energy and Gender
…positions has been rising faster than the economy-wide average since 2015. Renewables and nuclear have seen particularly strong progress, while there have only been marginal gains in oil and gas supply, and coal witnessed declines. Women’s share of leadership roles in the energy sector now stands at 18% – up from 13% in 2015, but still below the economy-wide average of 25%. Nearly one in three people lack access to clean cooking, disproportionately affecting women and children Women disproportionately endure the negative consequences of a lack of access to clean cooking fuel supplies. In addition to health risks…
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The Middle East and Global Energy Markets
…the new agreement holds, a full recovery in flows is unlikely to be immediate. Mines will need to be cleared from the main shipping lanes and supply chains will take time to normalise. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have successfully redirected some exports to terminals loading outside of the Strait of Hormuz. Producers outside the Middle East have also pushed output higher and lifted exports to record levels in response to the crisis. Even so, supply losses stemming from the Middle East disruptions have depleted global oil inventories at the fastest pace on record. Global observed oil…