-
Energy Efficiency Potential in Canada
…year on average for the past 15 years, and this rate of growth is projected to continue under the IEA Current Policies Scenario, which assumes no new policies or changes to policies already enacted. An alternative scenario, the Energy Efficiency Case, was developed for the purposes of this report. Energy efficiency measures in this alternative scenario have the potential to keep both primary and final energy demand on a steadily declining trajectory to 2050, despite increasing economic activity. The potential savings identified could reduce energy demand by more than the equivalent of one-third of total primary energy demand in 2016.
-
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2004
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2004 This International Energy Agency review of Canada's energy policies and programmes systematically examines Canada's general energy scene and energy policy and then looks more specifically at energy and the environment, energy efficiency, policies and programs for specific types of energy, and energy R&D. It makes a series of policy recommendations, in particular with regard to meeting demand growth, emissions, efficiency, use of oil sands, and natural gas exploration.
-
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2015 Review
…investment in the energy sector over the past five years. The medium-term outlook for gas/oil production and exports, however, is challenging amid uncertainties around pipeline developments and an era of low prices, abundant global supplies and surging production in the United States, Canada’s main export market. Canada maintains the highest energy supply per capita among IEA member countries. Emissions from the oil and gas sectors increased by 14% in 2005-13, despite Canada’s low-carbon electricity mix (largely hydro and nuclear). The federal government, with the provinces, has put forward stringent energy efficiency and emission standards…
-
Canada 2022
…emissions by 2050. Canada’s energy transformation presents both challenges and opportunities given its profile as a major producer, consumer and exporter of energy, and its highly decentralised government system. The sizeable weight of fossil fuel production in employment and economic output means strong attention should be placed on ensuring a people-centred approach to Canada’s clean energy transition. Canada has a number of policy measures in place, including an ambitious carbon pricing scheme, clean fuel regulations, a commitment to phase out unabated coal use by 2030, nuclear plant extensions, upstream methane regulations, energy efficiency programmes, and measures to…
-
Railway Handbook 2015
…energy, and CO2 emissions data was carried out for the fourth time through the release of the Railway Handbook 2015. For this edition, significant methodological improvements were implemented leading to better consistency between the different indicators presented in this Handbook, in addition to updates of the global data, as well as regional breakdowns for those regions that we consider the most relevant from the point of view of transport activity: European Union, USA, Japan, Russia, India, and China. This edition devotes particular attention to the energy efficiency of rail vehicles. This is achieved by providing information on the energy efficiency…
-
The Potential of Behavioural Interventions for Optimising Energy Use at Home
…behaviour and encourage investments in structural improvements. This article focuses on the potential for enhancing energy efficiency with policies and programmes designed to educate consumers and encourage them to alter their daily habits – without resorting to large-scale structural improvements. This focus is motivated by the observation that interventions aimed at promoting behavioural change are often cheaper to implement relative to policies that seek to encourage investment. Such measures also tend to be relatively quick to design and implement. What are behavioural interventions and how can behavioural insights enhance the impact of energy efficiency policy? Behavioural interventions are policies and…
-
United States' legislation on oil security
…efficiency, to provide a means for verification of energy data, and to conserve water by improving water efficiency of certain plumbing products and appliances (EPCA section 2).In addition to the SPR, the US Congress amended EPCA in 2000 to establish a separate Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve (NEHHOR), in an effort to ensure the uninterrupted supply of home heating oil to several US States (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey) in the country’s Northeast (EPCA section 181).Federal and State government activities and responses to all hazards impacting the energy…
-
Green stimulus after the 2008 crisis
…misjudged, deployment targets and policy support were applied too early, and hopes for a manufacturing value chain did not materialise.Energy efficiency policies were and should remain one of the focus areas of green stimulus programmes. The most successful examples combined ambitious policy funding with standardisation, “plug and play” efficiency options and an appropriate consideration of the availability of skilled labour and industrial capability. The overall policy design needs to pay attention to broad impacts on energy security and social inequality. Introduction The 2008-09 global financial crisis led to a global squeeze on credit and fragile financial markets, which…
-
Fuel economy in the United States
…United States introduced fuel economy regulations as early as 1975 with the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. The standards in a given model year define the levels that manufacturers' fleets are required to meet in that model year (MY), with specific levels depending on the characteristics and mix of vehicles produced by each manufacturer. In 2020, the Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles Rule set fuel economy standards that were significantly less stringent than previous standards established in 2012. The SAFE rule introduced an annual fuel economy improvement rate of 1.5% for model years 2021-2026, while previous standards required a 4.7% yearly improvement for 2017-2025…
-
Fuel economy in Canada
…between 2016 and 2017. Since this hiccup in fuel consumption improvements, Canada is back on track with fuel consumption decreasing on average by 1.6% per year between 2017 and 2019. Despite expanding shares of SUV/pick-ups putting upwards pressure on fuel consumption, a growing share of fuel efficient powertrains has allowed for fuel economy improvements. Between 2017 and 2019, the sales share of hybrids increased from 1.3% to 2.2%, along with shares of electric vehicles growing from 0.5% to 1.9% and plug-ins increasing from 0.5% to 1.0% during this time. Additionally…