-
Land-Use Competition between Biodiversity and Net Zero Goals
…on an assessment by the International Energy Agency (IEA), tripling the capacity of renewables globally requires allocating up to an additional 600 000 km² of land – an area the size of France – to utility-scale solar PV and onshore wind power by 2030, and 2 million km² by 2050. In parallel, the IEA estimates that demand for key energy transition minerals – cobalt, copper, graphite, lithium, nickel and rare earth elements (REEs) – is projected to increase at least fivefold by 2030, requiring more land for mining and processing these minerals. At the same time, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework aims to protect 30% of…
-
The Potential of Behavioural Interventions for Optimising Energy Use at Home
…enhancing energy efficiency with policies and programmes designed to educate consumers and encourage them to alter their daily habits – without resorting to large-scale structural improvements. This focus is motivated by the observation that interventions aimed at promoting behavioural change are often cheaper to implement relative to policies that seek to encourage investment. Such measures also tend to be relatively quick to design and implement. What are behavioural interventions and how can behavioural insights enhance the impact of energy efficiency policy? Behavioural interventions are policies and programmes designed to incorporate the insights of scientists who study human behaviour. The aim…
-
Canada Climate Resilience Policy Indicator
…is already affecting energy demand, reducing the number of heating degree days (HDDs) and increasing the number of cooling degree days (CDDs). Extensive heat could raise electricity costs in the summer and energy demand for air conditioning, especially in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario, where felt temperatures can reach 35°C. Given that some regions (e.g. Ontario) are already experiencing their peak energy demand in the summer, additional electricity consumption for cooling is likely to put pressure on the power grid.More extreme hot days could also escalate the risk of wildfires, which can threaten energy supply security by…
-
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2009
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2009 Canada, with its diverse and balanced portfolio of energy resources, is one of the largest producers and exporters of energy among IEA member countries. The energy sector plays an increasingly important role for the Canadian economy and for global energy security, as its abundant resource base has the potential to deliver even greater volumes of energy.
-
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2004
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2004 This International Energy Agency review of Canada's energy policies and programmes systematically examines Canada's general energy scene and energy policy and then looks more specifically at energy and the environment, energy efficiency, policies and programs for specific types of energy, and energy R&D. It makes a series of policy recommendations, in particular with regard to meeting demand growth, emissions, efficiency, use of oil sands, and natural gas exploration.
-
Energy Efficiency Potential in Canada
…year on average for the past 15 years, and this rate of growth is projected to continue under the IEA Current Policies Scenario, which assumes no new policies or changes to policies already enacted. An alternative scenario, the Energy Efficiency Case, was developed for the purposes of this report. Energy efficiency measures in this alternative scenario have the potential to keep both primary and final energy demand on a steadily declining trajectory to 2050, despite increasing economic activity. The potential savings identified could reduce energy demand by more than the equivalent of one-third of total primary energy demand in 2016.
-
Canada 2022
…a series of enterprising international and domestic commitments to put the country on a path towards transforming its energy system, including a target to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 40‑45% by 2030 from 2005 levels and to reach net zero emissions by 2050. Canada’s energy transformation presents both challenges and opportunities given its profile as a major producer, consumer and exporter of energy, and its highly decentralised government system. The sizeable weight of fossil fuel production in employment and economic output means strong attention should be placed on ensuring a people-centred approach to Canada’s clean energy transition…
-
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2015 Review
…and investment in the energy sector over the past five years. The medium-term outlook for gas/oil production and exports, however, is challenging amid uncertainties around pipeline developments and an era of low prices, abundant global supplies and surging production in the United States, Canada’s main export market. Canada maintains the highest energy supply per capita among IEA member countries. Emissions from the oil and gas sectors increased by 14% in 2005-13, despite Canada’s low-carbon electricity mix (largely hydro and nuclear). The federal government, with the provinces, has put forward stringent energy efficiency and emission…
-
Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2000
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Canada 2000 The International Energy Agency's 2000 review of Canada's energy policies and programmes. It finds that successful regulatory reform of the gas market has contributed to rapid growth in exports of gas to the US. Encouraged by potential trade benefits flowing from regulatory reform of the electricity market, and benefits flowing to Canadian consumers, some provinces have also undertaken major regulatory reform of the electricity industries in their jurisdictions. Development of Canada’s huge resources of oil sands and heavy oil have supplemented continuing development of conventional oil. These…
-
Oil and Gas Emergency Policy: Canada 2010 update
Oil and Gas Emergency Policy: Canada 2010 update In 2007, the IEA published Oil Supply Security: Emergency Response of IEA Countries. This report provides an overview of the IEA oil emergency response system and a detailed look at the specific systems in each IEA country for responding to an oil supply crisis. The report represented the findings of a five-year review cycle of the emergency response mechanisms in IEA member countries. Since the 2007 publication, the IEA has started a new cycle of reviews which now includes reviewing gas emergency policies. Rather than waiting for the completion of the…