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IEA Support to Accelerating Renewable Energy Permitting (ARPE)
…Between October 2023 and March 2025, the IEA implemented the “Accelerating Renewable Energy Permitting” (ARPE) action. The goal of ARPE was to support five EU Member states – Finland, Ireland, Lithuania, the Netherlands, and the Slovak Republic (Focus countries) – in developing and implementing policy and regulatory measures aimed at reaching their renewable energy targets, notably through accelerating permitting of renewable energy projects.In support of this objective, the IEA organised and facilitated five workshops focused on the following topics:streamlining administrative proceduresaccelerating offshore wind deploymentfacilitating spatial planning for renewable energy deploymentensuring public engagement and acceptance, and afinal workshop summarizing the project…
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How much will renewable hydrogen production drive demand for new renewable energy capacity by 2027?
…local-level policies. Thus, expansion is expected to be concentrated in provinces with good solar and wind resources and specific targets for renewable hydrogen production, such as Inner Mongolia, which aims to produce 500 000 tonnes/yr of renewable hydrogen – more than twice the national target. Other key drivers are access to affordable financing through state-owned enterprises and to industrial clusters for new project development. Many new electrolyser projects are large demonstration plants located in industrial hubs that can offer economy-of-scale savings, lower unit manufacturing costs and access to local off-takers.Demand for renewable hydrogen, which is…
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Biofuel Policy in Brazil, India and the United States
…to decarbonising transportation and heat services with secure and affordable energy supplies. This report aims to inform and focus the Alliance’s work by sharing biofuel policy insights from Brazil, India and the United States. We find that these countries have expanded biofuel production and use by designing long-term strategies, implementing the right investment signals, supporting innovation, ensuring supplies are secure and affordable, addressing sustainability concerns early and collaborating with the international community. Further, there are three priority areas that would facilitate sustainable biofuel deployment in support of the global energy transition: Identifying and helping develop markets with high…
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Will new PV manufacturing policies in the United States, India and the European Union create global PV supply diversification?
…relatively low energy costs and labour productivity make China the most competitive solar module manufacturer worldwide. Higher investment costs in India are the primary reason for the cost differential with China, while higher overhead and labour costs makes US PV manufacturing not as competitive. In Europe, rising energy prices following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine widened the cost gap with China. Today, EU industrial energy prices are more than triple those of China, India and the United States. Manufacturing policies in India and the United States Recent policy actions in India and the United States aim to increase the competitiveness…
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Capturing the energy beneath our feet
Today in the Lab – Tomorrow in Energy? shines a spotlight on research projects under development in the Technology Collaboration Programmes (TCPs). Learn more about the initiative, read the launch commentary, or explore the TCPs. Developing, testing and accelerating breakthroughs in enhanced geothermal systems technologies What is the aim of this project?The Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) is a dedicated underground field laboratory in Utah, United States, that is developing, testing and accelerating breakthroughs in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) technologies to advance the uptake of geothermal resources around the world.FORGE’s mission is to enable cutting…
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The Potential of Behavioural Interventions for Optimising Energy Use at Home
…enhancing energy efficiency with policies and programmes designed to educate consumers and encourage them to alter their daily habits – without resorting to large-scale structural improvements. This focus is motivated by the observation that interventions aimed at promoting behavioural change are often cheaper to implement relative to policies that seek to encourage investment. Such measures also tend to be relatively quick to design and implement. What are behavioural interventions and how can behavioural insights enhance the impact of energy efficiency policy? Behavioural interventions are policies and programmes designed to incorporate the insights of scientists who study human behaviour. The aim…
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United States' legislation on oil security
Introduction In the wake of the 1973-74 oil crisis, the United States (US) Congress enacted the Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act of 1974 (ESECA) and the more comprehensive Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA) with the specific aims to fulfil the US’s obligations under the International Energy Programme (IEP), to provide for the creation of a Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), to conserve energy supplies, to provide for improved energy efficiency, to provide a means for verification of energy data, and to conserve water by improving water efficiency of certain plumbing products and appliances (EPCA section 2…
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Green stimulus after the 2008 crisis
…to the 15th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP15) in Copenhagen in 2009. As a result, several governments linked part of their economic stimulus to investment in clean energy. The United States set the direction with a large clean energy component in an early stimulus package as well as temporary, targeted state aid and bailouts. The European Union placed energy security, global competitiveness and low-carbon industrial growth at the heart of its stimulus packages.Greenhouse gas emissions have been rising since 2009, and there is a new understanding of climate science…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: United States 2007
Energy Policy Review Energy Policies of IEA Countries: United States 2007 The United States is the largest economy and energy user in the world. Significant developments have taken place in its energy policy since the last IEA review in 2002. Most important is the Energy Policy Act 2005 – a comprehensive energy legislation which has set new directions, including opening the way for a nuclear renaissance. Two closely connected challenges shape all debates on the nation’s energy policy path: how to increase security by reducing the dependence on imported supplies; and how to address growing emissions of greenhouse gases. The…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: United States 2019 Review
…has achieved notable reductions in CO2 emissions over the past decade, led by its power sector. Low-cost shale gas combined with falling costs and policy support for renewables have shifted dependence away from coal-fired generation. Still, closures of coal and nuclear plants are expected to continue, requiring policy and regulatory responses to ensure a steady transition. Energy security remains a priority for the United States, which continues to demonstrate a strong focus on reliability and resilience. In this report, the IEA provides energy policy recommendations to help the United States smoothly manage the transformation of its energy sector.
