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Implementing Clean Energy Transitions
…India, Indonesia, and South Africa, in order to assess where gaps may arise and help governments and policymakers to explore other international policy experiences.The library groups transport policies within three overarching categories:Regulation, incl. standards and mandates: This includes fuel-economy standards, emission standards, blending mandates, charging standards and EV mandates. Incentives: This includes for both cases incentives for electric vehicle, modal shift, biofuels and scrappage schemes. Fuel excise taxes and carbon pricing are also included in this category.Information: This includes policies and initiatives focused on informing consumers, training, and networking.This library builts on the joint IEA…
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Energy Efficiency 2018
…saved more than: The world is missing opportunities to improve energy efficiency and today's policies are not delivering the full potential gains that are cost-effective and use current technology. This delayed action on energy efficiency ends up locking in inefficiencies that mean much stronger action needs to be taken in the future. 2.2 million barrels of oil per day If all countries had adopted the best passenger fuel economy standards. 16% of industry electricity use If all countries had adopted the strongest electric motor standards. $20 billion If everyone had purchased the top 10% most efficient refrigerators…
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Fuel economy in South Africa
…spur improvements in average fuel consumption.With a sales share of 49% in 2019, SUVs/pick-up trucks dominate the LDV market in South Africa. The sales share of small SUVs/pick-up trucks increased from 12% in 2005 to 23% in 2019, while growth in the large SUV/pick-up truck segment has been more modest. Sales shares of city cars have remained strong at close to 33% of LDVs sold since 2014, while the market for large and medium cars has contracted significantly during this time. Despite the most substantial improvements in fuel economy occurring in the large…
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South Africa Energy Outlook
…role of coal in South African industry and power generation is already decreasing, while that of gas and renewables is increasing. South Africa is reliant on coal but is making efforts to diversify as its coal-fired fleet is ageing; new projects will not fully compensate for the decline of the existing fleet.The government is focussing on diversifying the power mix by introducing natural gas and renewables, including concentrating solar power (CSP); South Africa has excellent natural resources for CSP development. Oil is the largest fuel in the end-use sectors; more stringent fuel economy standards would mean that…
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E4 Country Profile: Energy Efficiency in South Africa
…with a fuel economy standard of 95 gCO2/km.In industry, implementing MEPS for electric motors, a policy planned for the industry and mining sectors, will be an important first step to unlocking greater efficiency gains. Complementing this with measures that extend to the wider motor-driven system and other industrial equipment, including the implementation of energy management systems, could enable further savings.In buildings, strengthening energy management systems and standards for appliances, especially for cooling will allow South Africa to obtain the projected energy savings. Our work in South Africa The E4 Programme has continued to support energy efficiency…
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South Africa Case Study
Cost of Capital Observatory Case Study The Cost of Capital Observatory is an initiative from the IEA, the World Economic Forum, ETH Zurich and Imperial College London. The aim of the Observatory is to increase transparency in the energy sector and inspire investor confidence, especially in emerging and developing countries where data on financing costs is scarcer.Case Studies include lessons learnt of how policymakers, together with the private sector, development finance institutions and other entities managed to mitigate risks and mobilise capital for clean energy sectors across the emerging and developing world.
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Luxembourg 2014 Review
…D as a ratio of gross domestic product was the highest among IEA members. Luxembourg is creating a national platform for smart meters and electric vehicles, the first of its kind country-wide roll out. Nonetheless, Luxembourg faces several energy challenges. Oil consumption in transport is rising because of growing road fuel sales, largely the result of tax differences to neighbouring countries. This increases Luxembourg’s emissions and its oil stockholding needs. Because the country imports all of its energy needs, energy security is a priority. Luxembourg has sought to address this through greater regional integration such as merging its…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Luxembourg 2008
…revised taxes to mitigate climate change. The country’s energy policy in the coming decade will be shaped by the EU 2020 targets that call for substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, and strong increases in renewable energy and energy efficiency. These targets will be hard to meet, given that roughly half of energy-related CO2 emissions come from transport fuel use by foreign truckers and motorists, and that Luxembourg’s potential for producing much more renewable energy is limited. Luxembourg is heavily dependent on oil. Although oil sources are well diversified by country of origin, more than 85% of…
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Luxembourg 2020
…The government has adopted ambitious energy sector targets, including a 50-55% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. Luxembourg faces challenges achieving those targets. Low energy prices for consumers are creating a barrier to the investments needed in energy efficiency and renewables. And the country has a fossil fuel-intensive energy mix driven by a high demand for transportation fuels, notably from transiting freight trucks.
Luxembourg is embedded in the European electricity market, a sector that is transforming swiftly as rising shares of variable renewable generation, such as wind and solar PV, put increased attention on security of supply…
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Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Luxembourg 2000
…programmes. It finds that Luxembourg is the smallest IEA country, but its population is the richest of all IEA members. Energy consumption per inhabitant is high. The country’s iron and steel industry, heavy sales of transport fuel and the country’s overall wealth contribute to the high demand.
Luxembourg’s domestic energy resources are limited to renewable energies. Therefore Luxembourg is the most dependent on imported energy of all IEA countries. Energy taxes are low, particularly on automotive fuels. The report discusses the effects of this policy as well as Luxembourg’s plan to introduce an energy tax. The…