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Implementing Clean Energy Transitions
…India, Indonesia, and South Africa, in order to assess where gaps may arise and help governments and policymakers to explore other international policy experiences.The library groups transport policies within three overarching categories:Regulation, incl. standards and mandates: This includes fuel-economy standards, emission standards, blending mandates, charging standards and EV mandates. Incentives: This includes for both cases incentives for electric vehicle, modal shift, biofuels and scrappage schemes. Fuel excise taxes and carbon pricing are also included in this category.Information: This includes policies and initiatives focused on informing consumers, training, and networking.This library builts on the joint IEA…
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Energy Efficiency 2018
…saved more than: The world is missing opportunities to improve energy efficiency and today's policies are not delivering the full potential gains that are cost-effective and use current technology. This delayed action on energy efficiency ends up locking in inefficiencies that mean much stronger action needs to be taken in the future. 2.2 million barrels of oil per day If all countries had adopted the best passenger fuel economy standards. 16% of industry electricity use If all countries had adopted the strongest electric motor standards. $20 billion If everyone had purchased the top 10% most efficient refrigerators…
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Fuel economy in South Africa
…spur improvements in average fuel consumption.With a sales share of 49% in 2019, SUVs/pick-up trucks dominate the LDV market in South Africa. The sales share of small SUVs/pick-up trucks increased from 12% in 2005 to 23% in 2019, while growth in the large SUV/pick-up truck segment has been more modest. Sales shares of city cars have remained strong at close to 33% of LDVs sold since 2014, while the market for large and medium cars has contracted significantly during this time. Despite the most substantial improvements in fuel economy occurring in the large…
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South Africa Energy Outlook
…role of coal in South African industry and power generation is already decreasing, while that of gas and renewables is increasing. South Africa is reliant on coal but is making efforts to diversify as its coal-fired fleet is ageing; new projects will not fully compensate for the decline of the existing fleet.The government is focussing on diversifying the power mix by introducing natural gas and renewables, including concentrating solar power (CSP); South Africa has excellent natural resources for CSP development. Oil is the largest fuel in the end-use sectors; more stringent fuel economy standards would mean that…
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E4 Country Profile: Energy Efficiency in South Africa
…with a fuel economy standard of 95 gCO2/km.In industry, implementing MEPS for electric motors, a policy planned for the industry and mining sectors, will be an important first step to unlocking greater efficiency gains. Complementing this with measures that extend to the wider motor-driven system and other industrial equipment, including the implementation of energy management systems, could enable further savings.In buildings, strengthening energy management systems and standards for appliances, especially for cooling will allow South Africa to obtain the projected energy savings. Our work in South Africa The E4 Programme has continued to support energy efficiency…
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South Africa Case Study
Cost of Capital Observatory Case Study The Cost of Capital Observatory is an initiative from the IEA, the World Economic Forum, ETH Zurich and Imperial College London. The aim of the Observatory is to increase transparency in the energy sector and inspire investor confidence, especially in emerging and developing countries where data on financing costs is scarcer.Case Studies include lessons learnt of how policymakers, together with the private sector, development finance institutions and other entities managed to mitigate risks and mobilise capital for clean energy sectors across the emerging and developing world.
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Fuel economy in Japan
…vehicle type and drivetrain class. The target for the 2015 fiscal year specified a 23.5% improvement in fuel economy from 2004 (or a 1.9% annual average reduction). The 2020 improvement ratio was 20% relative to 2015, requiring a 3.7% annual average reduction. The 2020 target also took hybrid electric vehicles into consideration as a top runner given their significant share in new vehicle sales. The 2030 standards have two major differences from previous standards, including expanding the scope of powertrains covered and considering well-to-tank fuel efficiency.Japan has promoted very small, lightweight vehicles (Kei-cars…
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Oil Market Report - June 2017
…lower expectations about the pace of global market rebalancing. At publication time, crude prices are close to the levels when the OPEC output deal was announced. Fuel oil prices and cracks were boosted as stocks fell to their lowest level in two years due to tight supplies of sour crudes. Gasoline and naphtha prices fell.Record high US refinery throughput in April and May led to upward revisions to our 2Q17 and 3Q17 forecasts. Global refinery intake is projected to reach 80 mb/d in 2Q17 and 81.3 mb/d in 3Q17, up by about 1.1 mb/d y-o-y in each quarter…
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Oil Market Report - July 2019
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world’s most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights Global demand growth is set to accelerate from an exceptionally weak 310 kb/d in 1Q19 and 800 kb/d in 2Q19 to reach 1.8 mb/d in the second half of the year as economic activity improves and petrochemical plants ramp up. For 2020, the pace of growth will…
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Oil Market Report - February 2019
The IEA Oil Market Report (OMR) is one of the world’s most authoritative and timely sources of data, forecasts and analysis on the global oil market – including detailed statistics and commentary on oil supply, demand, inventories, prices and refining activity, as well as oil trade for IEA and selected non-IEA countries. Highlights Our global demand estimate for 2018 is unchanged. Growth in 4Q18 was robust at 1.4 mb/d y-o-y and for 2018 as a whole growth was 1.3 mb/d. China (0.44 mb/d), India (0.21 mb/d) and the US (0.54 mb/d) contributed 1.19 mb/d…