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Oil 2021
…The report provides a comprehensive outlook for global supply and demand through 2026 and explores some of the challenges and uncertainties that lie ahead. Executive summary A new normal for oil markets? The global economy and oil markets are recovering from the historic collapse in demand caused by the coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic in 2020. The staggering inventory surplus that built up last year is being worked off and global oil stocks, excluding strategic reserves, will return to pre-pandemic levels in 2021. And yet, there may be no return to “normal” for the oil market in the post-Covid…
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Clean Energy Transitions Programme 2020
…goal of accelerating clean energy transitions when and where it matters most. Responding to calls from governments, the IEA produced detailed, cost-effective policy options to support sustainable recoveries, explored in detail the impacts of the pandemic on energy markets and systems, and set out near-term actions that could help accelerate clean energy transitions.Relying on the independent, data-grounded approach and unique expertise of the IEA, the programme continues to be uniquely situated to provide targeted analysis and recommendations even as the crisis affects the energy sector. The IEA has done this through initiatives such as the Global…
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Evolving Energy Service Companies in China
…largest and fastest growing ESCO market over the past decades. This report highlights how the government’s strategic measures to set up key agencies for ESCOs, engage the State-Owned Enterprises, and encourage market play by bringing in commercial players, in line with China’s socio-economic transition, have been critical to making the Chinese ESCO model a success. Looking ahead, ESCOs in China continue to evolve, for example by using digital technologies to make their businesses more sustainable and lucrative. Based on the insights gained from a survey of major ESCOs in China, the report highlights the challenges and…
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An energy sector roadmap to carbon neutrality in China
…This report, An Energy Sector Roadmap to Carbon Neutrality in China, responds to the Chinese government’s invitation to the IEA to co-operate on long-term strategies by setting out pathways for reaching carbon neutrality in China’s energy sector. It shows that achieving carbon neutrality fits with China’s broader development goals, such as increasing prosperity and shifting towards innovation-driven growth. The first pathway in this Roadmap – the Announced Pledges Scenario – reflects the enhanced targets China announced in 2020. The report also explores the implications of a faster transition – the Accelerated Transition Scenario – and the socio-economic…
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The Role of China’s ETS in Power Sector Decarbonisation
…CO2 emissions, the ETS is set to subsequently be expanded to other energy-intensive sectors. China’s national ETS could be an important market-based instrument to help the country meet its recently enhanced climate goals to have CO2 emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.
This report explores how China’s ETS can spur emissions reductions from electricity generation and support power sector transformation. It builds on understanding of power sector development and policy trends and relies on in-depth national and provincial scenario modelling of China’s power system from 2020 to 2035. This study… -
Climate Impacts on South and Southeast Asian Hydropower
…an increasing challenge to South and Southeast Asian hydropower with rising temperatures, extreme rainfall patterns, melting glaciers, and increasing occurrence of extreme weather events.This report aims to support South and Southeast Asian hydropower in coping with the adverse impacts of climate change and in developing a tailored set of climate resilience measures based on a comprehensive assessment of climate risks and impacts. This report qualitatively assesses climate risks to South and Southeast Asian hydropower and quantitatively examines potential climate impacts, comparing three climate scenarios. Based on the assessment, it identifies measures to enhance climate resilience and provides policy recommendations…
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Fuel economy in China
Market profile and analysis of fuel consumption trends People’s Republic of China (hereafter ‘China’) is the largest light-duty vehicle (LDV) market in the world, with sales of almost 23 million units in 2019. In terms of average fuel consumption of new LDVs, China in 2019 ranked in the top 15 among major LDV markets. Average fuel consumption dropped from 8.7 litres of gasoline equivalent per 100 kilometres (Lge/100 km) in 2005 to 7.2 Lge/100 km in 2019, reflecting an annual average decrease of 1.3%. Fuel economy improvements have occurred across all segments from…
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E4 Country Profile: Energy Efficiency in China
Overview As the world’s largest energy consumer, China’s efforts to improve energy efficiency are crucial to global energy and climate landscapes. In 2018, China alone accounted for 22% of global energy consumption and 29% of total CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. China's progress in implementing mandatory energy efficiency policies over the past decade has made it the world’s energy efficiency heavyweight. Improvements in energy efficiency China has made huge strides in technical energy efficiency. Without the energy efficiency improvements that have been made since 2010, China would have used 25% more energy in 2018. The evolution…