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E4 Country Profile: Energy Efficiency Indonesia
…buildings to 5%.Transport has the lowest policy coverage, due to the continued absence of fuel efficiency standards for passenger cars and trucks. Developing fuel economy standards or increasing electric vehicle uptake can help address the relatively low levels of policy coverage. Energy efficiency opportunities By 2040, under the NPS, the country would see a 75% increase in energy demand compared to today. The Efficient World Scenario could limit this growth to just 50% reducing energy consumption by 2 EJ with savings mainly coming from the buildings (38%) and industrial (35%) sectors, followed by the transport sector. The cost effective…
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The Potential of Behavioural Interventions for Optimising Energy Use at Home
…behaviour and encourage investments in structural improvements. This article focuses on the potential for enhancing energy efficiency with policies and programmes designed to educate consumers and encourage them to alter their daily habits – without resorting to large-scale structural improvements. This focus is motivated by the observation that interventions aimed at promoting behavioural change are often cheaper to implement relative to policies that seek to encourage investment. Such measures also tend to be relatively quick to design and implement. What are behavioural interventions and how can behavioural insights enhance the impact of energy efficiency policy? Behavioural interventions are policies and…
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Fuel economy in Indonesia
…limited to fuel-switching (to biofuels) and expansion of the national network of CNG filling stations. In 2013, the Low-Cost Green Car (LCGC) program was introduced which established tax incentives for smaller vehicles that meet fuel efficiency requirements. In 2019, the LCGC program was revised and become the Low-Carbon Emission Vehicle (LCEV) program. Under LCEV, luxury tax rates for vehicles are no longer only based on just engine capacity, but also consider engine efficiency and emissions. Vehicles emitting no more than 120 CO2 g/km, with engine capacities below a specified level are eligible for LCEV tax incentives…
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Fuel economy in the United States
Market profile and analysis of fuel consumption trends In 2019, slightly more than 16 million light-duty vehicles (LDVs) were sold in the United States. With an average fuel consumption of 8.6 litres of gasoline equivalent (Lge/ 100 km) for new LDVs in 2019, the United States is 20% above the global average. While fuel consumption of LDVs decreased on average by 2.1% per year from 2005 to 2017, improvements have slipped backwards with fuel consumption increasing by 0.6% between 2018 and 2019. The lapse in fuel consumption reductions is reflected in slowing improvements in fuel economy…
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Capturing the energy beneath our feet
…art instrumentation to capture and share data and activities occurring at FORGE in real time. FORGE’s innovative collaboration and management platform is the first of its kind.How would the project be explained to a high-school student?Traditional geothermal wells are drilled in hot permeable rock. An enhanced geothermal system is a man-made reservoir created where there is hot rock that is not permeable enough. Fluid is injected into the rock, re-opening pre-existing cracks and making the rock permeable. This allows the fluid to transport heat to the surface where energy can extracted and used…
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Scaling Up Renewables in the Java-Bali Power System: A Case Study
…the impact of integrating the large-scale floating solar PV plant into the Java-Bali power system, and makes recommendations for the long term in view of further capacity additions of variable renewables. This was done in partnership with PT Pembangkitan Java-Bali (PT PJB), a subsidiary of the state-owned utility, Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), which operates the transmission and distribution network in the country. The analysis identifies how to maximise the benefits of the Cirata floating PV project, including taking account of potential seasonal variability in solar energy and maximising synergies with the associated hydroelectric plant. It i...
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United States' legislation on oil security
…efficiency, to provide a means for verification of energy data, and to conserve water by improving water efficiency of certain plumbing products and appliances (EPCA section 2).In addition to the SPR, the US Congress amended EPCA in 2000 to establish a separate Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve (NEHHOR), in an effort to ensure the uninterrupted supply of home heating oil to several US States (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey) in the country’s Northeast (EPCA section 181).Federal and State government activities and responses to all hazards impacting the energy…
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Green stimulus after the 2008 crisis
…misjudged, deployment targets and policy support were applied too early, and hopes for a manufacturing value chain did not materialise.Energy efficiency policies were and should remain one of the focus areas of green stimulus programmes. The most successful examples combined ambitious policy funding with standardisation, “plug and play” efficiency options and an appropriate consideration of the availability of skilled labour and industrial capability. The overall policy design needs to pay attention to broad impacts on energy security and social inequality. Introduction The 2008-09 global financial crisis led to a global squeeze on credit and fragile financial markets, which…
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Does security of supply drive key biofuel markets in Asia?
…China and by over 30% (12 billion L) in India during 2019 24. In Indonesia, fuel demand for diesel vehicles increases 10% (by around 2 billion L) by 2024.Replacing a portion of gasoline and diesel demand with biofuels is a means of increasing a country’s domestic fuel supply. China produces ethanol from corn and cassava, India uses feedstocks such as molasses from its sugar industry (the world’s second-largest) to make ethanol, and Indonesia manufactures biodiesel from palm oil, of which it is the world’s largest producer. However, the production of biodiesel in China and India…
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Efficient Grid-Interactive Buildings
…in energy efficiency, electrification of end uses and renewable energy generation. For the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a growing population and rising standards of living will massively increase future energy demand. Mitigating growing electricity demand and integrating renewable energy into electricity generation will therefore be paramount for the region’s clean energy transition and avoid lock-in of additional fossil fuel generation. The intermittent nature of variable renewable energy and increasing deployment of distributed energy resources are putting additional pressure on existing grids. In response to these challenges, this report explores the opportunities and challenges for efficient grid…
