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Article
30 Jun 2022
Canada Natural Gas Security Policy
…in natural gas infrastructure since 2016, reflecting growth of the Montney basin in Northeast British Columbia and Northwestern Alberta, as well as other shale basins in western Canada. These have been primarily focused on expanding one of Canada’s main pipeline systems, TransCanada’s Nova Gas Transmission Limited (NGTL). The NGTL system, which delivers 75% of Alberta and British Columbia’s natural gas production to national and export markets, is currently undergoing a CAD 9.9 billion (Canadian dollars) expansion programme to address bottlenecks and capacity constraints in the long term. Despite significant build out, challenges remain in natural gas.…
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Article
30 Jun 2022
Canada Oil Security Policy
…As such, Canada does not have an IEA stockholding obligation, does not hold any public emergency oil stocks, nor does it impose stockholding obligations on industry. With a robust oil industry and supply infrastructure, Canada’s emergency policy relies primarily on a well-functioning market to ensure supply security, while at the same time reflecting the jurisdictional authority of provinces and territories over energy resources. In an IEA collective action, Canada would likely contribute with demand restraint measures, either with the federal government coordinating voluntary steps by the provinces and territories, or by mandating implementation under a declared national emergency…
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Article
13 Dec 2021
Fuel economy in the United States
…stringent than previous standards established in 2012. The SAFE rule introduced an annual fuel economy improvement rate of 1.5% for model years 2021-2026, while previous standards required a 4.7% yearly improvement for 2017-2025. SAFE also phased out the GHG credit multiplier for electric vehicles in 2022 and extended the multiplier for natural gas vehicles to 2026.In January 2021, the new US administration issued an executive order directing the EPA to reconsider the SAFE programme, and in August 2021 a revision was proposed to establish more stringent standards starting in 2023. Compared with SAFE, the proposed standards represent a 10% greater improvement for model year 2023 and a 5% improvement in the years following. The revision proposes removing the natural gas multiplier a...
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Article
13 Dec 2021
Fuel economy in Canada
…s Passenger Automobile and Light Truck GHG Regulations, a 5% annual reduction in CO2-equivalent per mile for passenger cars is required from 2017 to 2025. For light trucks, the stringency of new fleet average greenhouse gas limits increases by 3.5% annually from 2017 to 2021 and 5% annually from 2022 to 2025. In response to propsals in the United States to increase the stringency of emissions standards for model years 2023-2025, Canada has announced intentions of aligning regulations with the most stringent performance standards in North America post-2025, whether that be at the United States federal…
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Article
31 Jul 2020
Canada’s legislation on oil security
…Instead, Canada’s ESEA created the Energy Supplies Allocation Board (ESAB) which prepares for emergencies and implements Canada’s oil supply emergency framework at times of crisis. Relevant domestic legislation Related domestic legislation Other related links Circumstances triggering operation of the emergency response system An oil supply emergency exists when there is an actual or anticipated shortages of oil or disturbances in the oil markets that affect or will affect Canada’s national security and welfare and economic stability (article 15(1) ESEA). Authority determining whether emergency exists It is the Canadian Governor in Council who, after the lieutenant governors…
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Article
29 Jun 2020
Green stimulus after the 2008 crisis
…The most successful examples combined ambitious policy funding with standardisation, “plug and play” efficiency options and an appropriate consideration of the availability of skilled labour and industrial capability. The overall policy design needs to pay attention to broad impacts on energy security and social inequality. Introduction The 2008-09 global financial crisis led to a global squeeze on credit and fragile financial markets, which brought about a deep economic recession. At the same time, public concerns about climate change intensified in the run‑up to the 15th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP15…
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Article
31 Jul 2020
United States' legislation on oil security
Introduction In the wake of the 1973-74 oil crisis, the United States (US) Congress enacted the Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act of 1974 (ESECA) and the more comprehensive Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA) with the specific aims to fulfil the US’s obligations under the International Energy Programme (IEP), to provide for the creation of a Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR), to conserve energy supplies, to provide for improved energy efficiency, to provide a means for verification of energy data, and to conserve water by improving water efficiency of certain plumbing products and appliances (EPCA section 2…
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Article
30 Jun 2022
Canada Electricity Security Policy
Country Energy Security Policy - Electricity Electricity overview and generation portfolio Most of Canada’s electricity systems are part of the integrated North American market, with 98% of Canadians connected to the continent’s bulk power system. Electricity is regularly traded in both directions between Canada and the United States (‘US’ hereafter) (with Canada a net exporter to the US overall). This robust interconnectivity with 37 north-south cross-border transmission lines adds to the east-west tie lines across provincial borders, and allows for a high degree of reliability and resilience to seasonal or unplanned changes in supply and demand…
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Article
16 Aug 2021
Canada Climate Resilience Policy Indicator
…Canada rising more rapidly, by 2.3°C during 1948-2016. Canada’s Changing Climate Report also explains that in terms of seasonal variation, the temperature has increased more strongly in the winter than in the summer.Warming is expected to continue into the future, with an overall temperature increase of between 1.8°C and 6.3°C by the end of the century, depending on greenhouse gas emissions levels. The rise in temperature is likely to be more evident during the winter and in the country’s northern regions.Canada’s rising temperature is already affecting energy demand, reducing the number…
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Article
22 Oct 2021
Capturing the energy beneath our feet
…heat to the surface where energy can extracted and used, such as for electricity generation. The original geothermal water is recycled back into the reservoir.How does the project help to achieve climate and energy goals?Enhanced geothermal systems emit little or no greenhouse gases.EGS plants provide reliable baseload power that pairs well with intermittent renewables.Geothermal electricity generation requires less space than other power sources, such as wind and solar.Geothermal jobs require skills used by workers in oil and gas production, mining, construction, manufacturing and other industries. Many of these workers are considering new jobs as their…