• • Article

  • 11 Oct 2022

  Norway Natural Gas Security Policy

  …side measures for the domestic gas market in Norway. Natural gas infrastructure Networks: transmission and distribution There are only two natural gas distributors in Norway: Gasnor, a small-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) producer and natural gas distributor in the Avaldsnes region. Lyse Neo, based in Stavanger, sends gas to a very limited geographical area in the south-western part of the country (with about 2 500 customers in total). Both companies were also granted the status of gas distribution system operators (DSOs) since 1 February 2021. There are no plans to increase domestic consumption of natural gas or expand infrastructure in…

• • Article

  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Natural Gas Security Policy

  …in natural gas infrastructure since 2016, reflecting growth of the Montney basin in Northeast British Columbia and Northwestern Alberta, as well as other shale basins in western Canada. These have been primarily focused on expanding one of Canada’s main pipeline systems, TransCanada’s Nova Gas Transmission Limited (NGTL). The NGTL system, which delivers 75% of Alberta and British Columbia’s natural gas production to national and export markets, is currently undergoing a CAD 9.9 billion (Canadian dollars) expansion programme to address bottlenecks and capacity constraints in the long term. Despite significant build out, challenges remain in natural gas.…

• • Article

  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Oil Security Policy

  …As such, Canada does not have an IEA stockholding obligation, does not hold any public emergency oil stocks, nor does it impose stockholding obligations on industry. With a robust oil industry and supply infrastructure, Canada’s emergency policy relies primarily on a well-functioning market to ensure supply security, while at the same time reflecting the jurisdictional authority of provinces and territories over energy resources. In an IEA collective action, Canada would likely contribute with demand restraint measures, either with the federal government coordinating voluntary steps by the provinces and territories, or by mandating implementation under a declared national emergency…

• • Article

  • 13 Dec 2021

  Fuel economy in Canada

  …s Passenger Automobile and Light Truck GHG Regulations, a 5% annual reduction in CO2-equivalent per mile for passenger cars is required from 2017 to 2025. For light trucks, the stringency of new fleet average greenhouse gas limits increases by 3.5% annually from 2017 to 2021 and 5% annually from 2022 to 2025. In response to propsals in the United States to increase the stringency of emissions standards for model years 2023-2025, Canada has announced intentions of aligning regulations with the most stringent performance standards in North America post-2025, whether that be at the United States federal…

• • Article

  • 12 Oct 2022

  Norway Oil Security Policy

  …Fisheries has a key role in emergency situations.Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, and the expected downgraded role of Russia as a global oil and natural supplier, Norway is strengthening its role as a stable global supplier of oil and gas, while at the same time paving the way to the 2050 net zero world.  Oil infrastructure Pipelines Norway’s upstream oil infrastructure is well developed with an extensive network of underwater pipelines linking offshore oil fields with onshore terminals. There is no integrated system for all oil pipelines and terminals: the infrastructure on the Norwegian…

• • Article

  • 31 Jul 2020

  Canada’s legislation on oil security

  …Instead, Canada’s ESEA created the Energy Supplies Allocation Board (ESAB) which prepares for emergencies and implements Canada’s oil supply emergency framework at times of crisis.  Relevant domestic legislation Related domestic legislation Other related links Circumstances triggering operation of the emergency response system An oil supply emergency exists when there is an actual or anticipated shortages of oil or disturbances in the oil markets that affect or will affect Canada’s national security and welfare and economic stability (article 15(1) ESEA).  Authority determining whether emergency exists It is the Canadian Governor in Council who, after the lieutenant governors…

• • Article

  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Electricity Security Policy

  Country Energy Security Policy - Electricity Electricity overview and generation portfolio Most of Canada’s electricity systems are part of the integrated North American market, with 98% of Canadians connected to the continent’s bulk power system. Electricity is regularly traded in both directions between Canada and the United States (‘US’ hereafter) (with Canada a net exporter to the US overall). This robust interconnectivity with 37 north-south cross-border transmission lines adds to the east-west tie lines across provincial borders, and allows for a high degree of reliability and resilience to seasonal or unplanned changes in supply and demand…

• • Article

  • 05 Oct 2022

  Norway Electricity Security Policy

  …expansions to remove network congestion problems, which would also reduce the large electricity price differences between regions. Other challenges, including needed demand side security measures, establishing the first offshore wind projects and regulatory support for onshore wind and solar developments, add additional pressures to the future development of Norway’s electricity market. Electricity infrastructure Network: transmission and distribution Statnett, owned by the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (MPE), is the only TSO in Norway and owns 98% of the transmission grid. The rest is owned by 13 regional grid companies and rented to Statnett. Statnett’s ownership was unbundled since…

• • Article

  • 31 Jul 2020

  Norway's legislation on oil security

  …Storing for Emergency Purposes (RPP) and of the 2011 Act on Business and Industry Preparedness. The 2006 Regulation has been enacted pursuant to the terms (articles 1-2) of the 2006 Act of Petroleum Product Storing for Emergency Purposes (APP). The Norwegian 1996 Petroleum Act provides the framework for upstream oil and gas activities on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The 2011 Act on Business and Industry Preparedness regulates the interaction and cooperation between the commercial and the public sectors concerning disruption of supplies. Relevant domestic legislation Related domestic legislation Other related links Circumstances triggering operation of the emergency response system…

• • Article

  • 16 Aug 2021

  Canada Climate Resilience Policy Indicator

  …Canada rising more rapidly, by 2.3°C during 1948-2016. Canada’s Changing Climate Report also explains that in terms of seasonal variation, the temperature has increased more strongly in the winter than in the summer.Warming is expected to continue into the future, with an overall temperature increase of between 1.8°C and 6.3°C by the end of the century, depending on greenhouse gas emissions levels. The rise in temperature is likely to be more evident during the winter and in the country’s northern regions.Canada’s rising temperature is already affecting energy demand, reducing the number…