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  • 07 Mar 2023

  Korea Natural Gas Security Policy

  …The five LNG terminals operated by KOGAS have a total of 74 LNG storage tanks and a storage capacity of 6.56 bcm. Gas emergency response policy OrganisationIf there is a natural gas supply disruption, the MOTIE would take the lead.KOGAS would be in charge of determining the stage of the emergency alert system and report this to the MOTIE.Korea’s emergency response plan envisages gradual response measures depending on the severity of the crisis, including securing additional gas, demand reduction, and fuel switching.Production surge of natural gas is not applicable in Korea since the domestic product...

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  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Natural Gas Security Policy

  …in natural gas infrastructure since 2016, reflecting growth of the Montney basin in Northeast British Columbia and Northwestern Alberta, as well as other shale basins in western Canada. These have been primarily focused on expanding one of Canada’s main pipeline systems, TransCanada’s Nova Gas Transmission Limited (NGTL). The NGTL system, which delivers 75% of Alberta and British Columbia’s natural gas production to national and export markets, is currently undergoing a CAD 9.9 billion (Canadian dollars) expansion programme to address bottlenecks and capacity constraints in the long term. Despite significant build out, challenges remain in natural gas.…

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  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Oil Security Policy

  …As such, Canada does not have an IEA stockholding obligation, does not hold any public emergency oil stocks, nor does it impose stockholding obligations on industry. With a robust oil industry and supply infrastructure, Canada’s emergency policy relies primarily on a well-functioning market to ensure supply security, while at the same time reflecting the jurisdictional authority of provinces and territories over energy resources. In an IEA collective action, Canada would likely contribute with demand restraint measures, either with the federal government coordinating voluntary steps by the provinces and territories, or by mandating implementation under a declared national emergency…

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  • 07 Mar 2023

  Korea Oil Security Policy

  …owned by the four major domestic refiners. The six domestic oil product pipelines operated by DOPCO have a total length of 1 105 km. PortsKorea’s oil port infrastructure is well developed; there are 23 sea ports and three container terminals. Five oil port terminals are owned by Korea National Oil Corporation (KNOC), the national oil and gas company of South Korea. An additional five oil port terminals are located at the refineries and owned by refiners. For crude oil imports, the total capacity is around 14.4 million barrels per day (mb/d); for imports and exports of oil…

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  • 13 Dec 2021

  Fuel economy in Canada

  …s Passenger Automobile and Light Truck GHG Regulations, a 5% annual reduction in CO2-equivalent per mile for passenger cars is required from 2017 to 2025. For light trucks, the stringency of new fleet average greenhouse gas limits increases by 3.5% annually from 2017 to 2021 and 5% annually from 2022 to 2025. In response to propsals in the United States to increase the stringency of emissions standards for model years 2023-2025, Canada has announced intentions of aligning regulations with the most stringent performance standards in North America post-2025, whether that be at the United States federal…

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  • 31 Jul 2020

  Canada’s legislation on oil security

  …Instead, Canada’s ESEA created the Energy Supplies Allocation Board (ESAB) which prepares for emergencies and implements Canada’s oil supply emergency framework at times of crisis.  Relevant domestic legislation Related domestic legislation Other related links Circumstances triggering operation of the emergency response system An oil supply emergency exists when there is an actual or anticipated shortages of oil or disturbances in the oil markets that affect or will affect Canada’s national security and welfare and economic stability (article 15(1) ESEA).  Authority determining whether emergency exists It is the Canadian Governor in Council who, after the lieutenant governors…

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  • 31 Jul 2020

  Korea's legislation on oil security

  …Circumstances triggering operation of the emergency response system The PAPSA provides for two levels of emergency measures. The first level is triggered when the uninterrupted supply of oil and the satisfaction of Korea’s oil demand is threatened by events in Korea or abroad or when disturbances in the oil market threaten Korea’s public order or national economy (article 21(1) PAPSA).An aggravated energy emergency exists when the uninterrupted oil supply is threatened in Korea or abroad by war, natural disasters or similar situations and it is deemed impossible to stabilize the situation by means of orders enacted…

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  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Electricity Security Policy

  Country Energy Security Policy - Electricity Electricity overview and generation portfolio Most of Canada’s electricity systems are part of the integrated North American market, with 98% of Canadians connected to the continent’s bulk power system. Electricity is regularly traded in both directions between Canada and the United States (‘US’ hereafter) (with Canada a net exporter to the US overall). This robust interconnectivity with 37 north-south cross-border transmission lines adds to the east-west tie lines across provincial borders, and allows for a high degree of reliability and resilience to seasonal or unplanned changes in supply and demand…

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  • 07 Mar 2023

  Korea Electricity Security Policy

  Country Energy Security Policy - Electricity Overview and generation portfolio Electricity generation in Korea is heavily dependent on coal, which represents over 40% of total generation. The vast majority of the remaining electricity generation derives from natural gas and nuclear energy, in roughly equal shares. Renewable energies account for a growing but still small proportion, and are expected to reach 21.6% of total electricity generation by 2030. Korea’s power grid is an isolated system with no cross-border transmission lines; therefore, electricity demand is met entirely through local production. Korea has an electricity emergency response manual outlining response procedures…

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  • 16 Aug 2021

  Canada Climate Resilience Policy Indicator

  …Canada rising more rapidly, by 2.3°C during 1948-2016. Canada’s Changing Climate Report also explains that in terms of seasonal variation, the temperature has increased more strongly in the winter than in the summer.Warming is expected to continue into the future, with an overall temperature increase of between 1.8°C and 6.3°C by the end of the century, depending on greenhouse gas emissions levels. The rise in temperature is likely to be more evident during the winter and in the country’s northern regions.Canada’s rising temperature is already affecting energy demand, reducing the number…