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Article
30 Jun 2022
Canada Natural Gas Security Policy
…in natural gas infrastructure since 2016, reflecting growth of the Montney basin in Northeast British Columbia and Northwestern Alberta, as well as other shale basins in western Canada. These have been primarily focused on expanding one of Canada’s main pipeline systems, TransCanada’s Nova Gas Transmission Limited (NGTL). The NGTL system, which delivers 75% of Alberta and British Columbia’s natural gas production to national and export markets, is currently undergoing a CAD 9.9 billion (Canadian dollars) expansion programme to address bottlenecks and capacity constraints in the long term. Despite significant build out, challenges remain in natural gas.…
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Article
22 Jul 2020
Post Covid-19, further reform is necessary to accelerate China’s clean energy future
The continuing and systematic implementation of China’s reform process can help its economic recovery The Covid-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented economic shock with profound implications for energy systems around the world. In China, a sharp decline of both oil and electricity consumption followed by a dynamic recovery tested the flexibility of the energy system, but further actions will be needed to improve resilience and sustainability. This article examines opportunities for dedicated policy measures that could help reduce environmental impacts once energy use rebounds after the crisis. The continuing and systematic implementation of China’s reform process can help…
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Article
30 Jun 2022
Canada Oil Security Policy
…As such, Canada does not have an IEA stockholding obligation, does not hold any public emergency oil stocks, nor does it impose stockholding obligations on industry. With a robust oil industry and supply infrastructure, Canada’s emergency policy relies primarily on a well-functioning market to ensure supply security, while at the same time reflecting the jurisdictional authority of provinces and territories over energy resources. In an IEA collective action, Canada would likely contribute with demand restraint measures, either with the federal government coordinating voluntary steps by the provinces and territories, or by mandating implementation under a declared national emergency…
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Article
21 Oct 2019
Does security of supply drive key biofuel markets in Asia?
Renewables 2019 Trends to watch number 1 Improving security of supply is a fundamental reason for the introduction of biofuel policy support in China, India and Indonesia, which in turn has raised production prospects. Combined, these countries account for 40% (15 billion litres) of biofuel production growth in the main case forecast (2019‑24).Crude oil import dependency is set to increase in all three countries over the forecast period, meaning that measures to reinforce security of supply are of paramount importance. China already overtook the United States as the largest crude oil importer in 2017, India’s oil demand is set…
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Article
13 Dec 2021
Fuel economy in Canada
…s Passenger Automobile and Light Truck GHG Regulations, a 5% annual reduction in CO2-equivalent per mile for passenger cars is required from 2017 to 2025. For light trucks, the stringency of new fleet average greenhouse gas limits increases by 3.5% annually from 2017 to 2021 and 5% annually from 2022 to 2025. In response to propsals in the United States to increase the stringency of emissions standards for model years 2023-2025, Canada has announced intentions of aligning regulations with the most stringent performance standards in North America post-2025, whether that be at the United States federal…
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Article
13 Dec 2021
Fuel economy in China
Market profile and analysis of fuel consumption trends People’s Republic of China (hereafter ‘China’) is the largest light-duty vehicle (LDV) market in the world, with sales of almost 23 million units in 2019. In terms of average fuel consumption of new LDVs, China in 2019 ranked in the top 15 among major LDV markets. Average fuel consumption dropped from 8.7 litres of gasoline equivalent per 100 kilometres (Lge/100 km) in 2005 to 7.2 Lge/100 km in 2019, reflecting an annual average decrease of 1.3%. Fuel economy improvements have occurred across all segments from…
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Article
12 Feb 2021
E4 Country Profile: Energy Efficiency in China
Overview As the world’s largest energy consumer, China’s efforts to improve energy efficiency are crucial to global energy and climate landscapes. In 2018, China alone accounted for 22% of global energy consumption and 29% of total CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. China's progress in implementing mandatory energy efficiency policies over the past decade has made it the world’s energy efficiency heavyweight. Improvements in energy efficiency China has made huge strides in technical energy efficiency. Without the energy efficiency improvements that have been made since 2010, China would have used 25% more energy in 2018. The evolution…
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Article
31 Jul 2020
Canada’s legislation on oil security
…Instead, Canada’s ESEA created the Energy Supplies Allocation Board (ESAB) which prepares for emergencies and implements Canada’s oil supply emergency framework at times of crisis. Relevant domestic legislation Related domestic legislation Other related links Circumstances triggering operation of the emergency response system An oil supply emergency exists when there is an actual or anticipated shortages of oil or disturbances in the oil markets that affect or will affect Canada’s national security and welfare and economic stability (article 15(1) ESEA). Authority determining whether emergency exists It is the Canadian Governor in Council who, after the lieutenant governors…
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Article
24 Jan 2022
Energy Transitions Require Innovation in Power System Planning
The relationship between electricity supply and demand changes in low carbon systems The past year has seen a rising number of countries pledging to reach net zero emissions in the coming decades. Even many countries without net zero pledges are pursuing increasingly ambitious decarbonisation plans. Meeting these targets will reshape the power sector in the coming decades.In 2021, the IEA released its landmark global roadmap, Net Zero by 2050, which detailed two parallel transformations for the power sector as it decarbonises. The first is that variable renewables will increasingly be the foundation of low carbon power generation. The second…
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Article
30 Jun 2022
Canada Electricity Security Policy
Country Energy Security Policy - Electricity Electricity overview and generation portfolio Most of Canada’s electricity systems are part of the integrated North American market, with 98% of Canadians connected to the continent’s bulk power system. Electricity is regularly traded in both directions between Canada and the United States (‘US’ hereafter) (with Canada a net exporter to the US overall). This robust interconnectivity with 37 north-south cross-border transmission lines adds to the east-west tie lines across provincial borders, and allows for a high degree of reliability and resilience to seasonal or unplanned changes in supply and demand…