• • Article

  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Natural Gas Security Policy

  …in natural gas infrastructure since 2016, reflecting growth of the Montney basin in Northeast British Columbia and Northwestern Alberta, as well as other shale basins in western Canada. These have been primarily focused on expanding one of Canada’s main pipeline systems, TransCanada’s Nova Gas Transmission Limited (NGTL). The NGTL system, which delivers 75% of Alberta and British Columbia’s natural gas production to national and export markets, is currently undergoing a CAD 9.9 billion (Canadian dollars) expansion programme to address bottlenecks and capacity constraints in the long term. Despite significant build out, challenges remain in natural gas.…

• • Article

  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Oil Security Policy

  …As such, Canada does not have an IEA stockholding obligation, does not hold any public emergency oil stocks, nor does it impose stockholding obligations on industry. With a robust oil industry and supply infrastructure, Canada’s emergency policy relies primarily on a well-functioning market to ensure supply security, while at the same time reflecting the jurisdictional authority of provinces and territories over energy resources. In an IEA collective action, Canada would likely contribute with demand restraint measures, either with the federal government coordinating voluntary steps by the provinces and territories, or by mandating implementation under a declared national emergency…

• • Article

  • 19 Jun 2019

  Case Study: The National Energy Analytics Research (NEAR) Programme in Australia

  …use and how it is changing has limited effective forecasting, policy and management of these changes, resulting in unnecessary costs and market disruption. The need for improved energy data and analysis in Australia was emphasised following a significant investment in energy transmission and distribution infrastructure, which could have been minimised if accurate energy demand was more available.During the late 2000s, Australia’s National Electricity Market experienced a number of peak demand events following extreme climate conditions during summer months. These spikes in demand combined with forecast growth in economic activity, led AEMO to forecast near linear growth in electricity…

• • Article

  • 13 Dec 2021

  Fuel economy in Canada

  …s Passenger Automobile and Light Truck GHG Regulations, a 5% annual reduction in CO2-equivalent per mile for passenger cars is required from 2017 to 2025. For light trucks, the stringency of new fleet average greenhouse gas limits increases by 3.5% annually from 2017 to 2021 and 5% annually from 2022 to 2025. In response to propsals in the United States to increase the stringency of emissions standards for model years 2023-2025, Canada has announced intentions of aligning regulations with the most stringent performance standards in North America post-2025, whether that be at the United States federal…

• • Article

  • 13 Dec 2021

  Fuel economy in Australia

  …average by 0.6% per year and 1.4%, repsectively between 2017 and 2019. Overall, average fuel consumption of LDVs in Australia has improved since 2005, though the rate of improvements has slowed to 0.3% per year since 2017. In contrast to most major LDV markets, the sales share of diesel vehicles has expanded considerably since 2005 in Australia. Diesel accounted for 32% of LDV sales in 2019, which is far higher than the global average. Most of the growth in diesel shares has occured in the large and small SUV/pick-up truck segement. Between 2017 and 2019…

• • Article

  • 31 Jul 2020

  Canada’s legislation on oil security

  …Instead, Canada’s ESEA created the Energy Supplies Allocation Board (ESAB) which prepares for emergencies and implements Canada’s oil supply emergency framework at times of crisis.  Relevant domestic legislation Related domestic legislation Other related links Circumstances triggering operation of the emergency response system An oil supply emergency exists when there is an actual or anticipated shortages of oil or disturbances in the oil markets that affect or will affect Canada’s national security and welfare and economic stability (article 15(1) ESEA).  Authority determining whether emergency exists It is the Canadian Governor in Council who, after the lieutenant governors…

• • Article

  • 30 Jun 2022

  Canada Electricity Security Policy

  Country Energy Security Policy - Electricity Electricity overview and generation portfolio Most of Canada’s electricity systems are part of the integrated North American market, with 98% of Canadians connected to the continent’s bulk power system. Electricity is regularly traded in both directions between Canada and the United States (‘US’ hereafter) (with Canada a net exporter to the US overall). This robust interconnectivity with 37 north-south cross-border transmission lines adds to the east-west tie lines across provincial borders, and allows for a high degree of reliability and resilience to seasonal or unplanned changes in supply and demand…

• • Article

  • 31 Jul 2020

  Australia's legislation on oil security

  Introduction The Australian Government’s response to national oil supply emergencies is primarily governed by the Liquid Fuels Emergency Act 1984 (LFE Act). Compared to primary legislation addressing national oil supply emergencies in other IEA Member countries, the LFE Act is more general in nature. The LFE Act provides the Commonwealth Energy Minister (the Minister) with powers in a national liquid fuel emergency to issue directions, and the Liquid Fuel Emergency Guidelines 2019 (Guidelines) set out the parameters of these powers and what a decision-maker must do or consider when exercising a power in an emergency situation.Under the Australian…

• • Article

  • 16 Aug 2021

  Canada Climate Resilience Policy Indicator

  …Canada rising more rapidly, by 2.3°C during 1948-2016. Canada’s Changing Climate Report also explains that in terms of seasonal variation, the temperature has increased more strongly in the winter than in the summer.Warming is expected to continue into the future, with an overall temperature increase of between 1.8°C and 6.3°C by the end of the century, depending on greenhouse gas emissions levels. The rise in temperature is likely to be more evident during the winter and in the country’s northern regions.Canada’s rising temperature is already affecting energy demand, reducing the number…

• • Article

  • 09 Jun 2022

  Australia Climate Resilience Policy Indicator

  …energy systems. Overall precipitation has declined, raising concerns about droughts and wildfires, particularly in southern Australia. Despite the trend towards increasing dryness, heavy rainfalls and tropical cyclones are also expected to become more intense due to global warming.Australia’s National Climate Resilience and Adaptation Strategy 2021-2025 takes a system-wide approach to adaptation and resilience-building across all domains, including the built domain, which encompasses energy system climate resilience. State-level and sectoral schemes complement the national strategy, while federal government efforts to minimise disaster risks and reinforce the resilience of critical infrastructure also support the plan. Additionally…