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Ukraine
Ukraine is a key country for European and global energy security. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has pushed it to fundamentally reshape its past dependence on energy imports from Russia.
As the invasion continues, Ukraine is focused on tracking large-scale energy supply disruptions and actively working to recover power and heating for civilians. It is also putting together an ambitious recovery and reconstruction plan, with a strong focus on energy security. In the medium-term, Ukraine’s energy strategy remains focused on European integration, while it aims to an energy system that is ready for a Net Zero future…- Overview
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Lithuania
Lithuania has undergone several energy transitions over the past decade. Despite importing a large share of its electricity, the country successfully ended its reliance on Russian energy imports in March 2022. Along with its neighbours, Estonia and Latvia, Lithuania disconnected from the Russian electricity system and completed the synchronisation of its grid with the Continental European Synchronous Area (CESA) in February 2025. By 2030, Lithuania aims to shift from being an electricity importer to becoming a net exporter. Although the country’s energy consumption still depends heavily on imported fossil fuels, the share of bioenergy in the domestic energy supply…
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Chinese Taipei
The Taiwanese government enacted in the late 2010s the Statute for Renewable Energy Development to reduce CO2 emissions, improve energy diversification and promote green-energy industries. The government is seeking to generate 8% of electricity from renewables by 2025.
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Sudan
Most of Sudan’s electricity generation comes from hydropower, and more than half of the Eastern African region’s total oil-based capacity is located in the country. Sudan is also contemplating scaling up projects on solar power in the coming years.
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Georgia
Georgia has developed an energy sector based largely on hydropower and fuelwood, in addition to imports of fossil fuels. It is also an important transit country for the region, with major oil and gas pipelines running across Georgian territory. Efforts are required to improve energy efficiency and capitalise on the country’s renewable energy potential.
Georgia has made solid progress in the past decade, both in improving the security of its energy supply and in transitioning to a cleaner, more sustainable energy system. Although Georgia is still confronted with many challenges in its transition to a more secure, sustainable and…- Overview
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Ecuador
In Ecuador, The Energy Efficiency National Plan 2016-2035 presents an inter-sectoral plan for energy efficiency, policies in transport, industry, residence, production, generation and all energy consumption sectors. In 2013, a new feed-in tariff scheme for renewable energy projects also entered into force.
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Malta
The National energy policy of Malta was launched in December 2012. It lists decisions and actions that have already been implemented as well as measures aiming to ensure the sustainability of Malta's energy sector.
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Austria
Austria is committed to reaching climate neutrality by 2040. Over three quarter of electricity generation already comes from renewables, with a target of achieving a 100% renewable electricity supply by 2030 (national balance). This requires investments to make networks more resilient and flexible, optimise demand side management, and updating the legal and regulatory framework to allow more consumer participation. Buildings and transport account for around half of total emissions . To progress the transition in these sectors, the government supports building renovation, switching from fossil fuels to sustainable heating systems, the electrification of transport and invests in public transport infrastructure.
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Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo has huge hydropower potential while also dealing with extreme energy poverty. Foreign investors are currently partially lifting constraints on the country’s hydropower capacity, which is bringing down the costs of power supply and reducing the share of oil-fired power.
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Russia
Russia is the world’s second-largest producer of natural gas, behind the United States, and has the world’s largest gas reserves. Russia is the world’s largest gas exporter. In 2021 the country produced 762 bcm of natural gas, and exported approximately 210 bcm via pipeline.
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