• Country

        Nigeria

        Nigeria is the largest economy and the richest oil resource centre of the African continent. The country also remains the largest gas consumer and producer of West Africa. Notable power sector reforms are underway in Nigeria, including plans for electrification.

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        • Country

        Germany

        Germany’s Climate Law sets out the framework for reaching net zero emissions by 2045. In order to achieve the ambitious Energiewende by 2030, 80% of all electricity supply will need to come from renewable energy sources (and 100% by 2035) and coal is to be completely phased out. Germany has been an early leader in offshore wind and solar PV and phased out nuclear power in 2023. Major legislative reforms in renewable energy planning and siting support targets of 100-110 GW of onshore wind, 30 GW offshore wind and 200 GW solar, alongside investments in 10 GW of…

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        • Country

        Georgia

        Georgia has developed an energy sector based largely on hydropower and fuelwood, in addition to imports of fossil fuels. It is also an important transit country for the region, with major oil and gas pipelines running across Georgian territory. Efforts are required to improve energy efficiency and capitalise on the country’s renewable energy potential.
        Georgia has made solid progress in the past decade, both in improving the security of its energy supply and in transitioning to a cleaner, more sustainable energy system. Although Georgia is still confronted with many challenges in its transition to a more secure, sustainable and…

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        • Country

        Finland

        Finland has one of the most ambitious climate targets, a legal obligation to reach carbon neutrality by 2035. It is making progress towards this target and has one of the lowest levels of reliance on fossil fuels among IEA member countries. Finland’s forests, which historically offset significant greenhouse gas emissions, have become a net emissions source. A continued push towards the energy transition is needed, as imported fossil fuels still account for over one-third of energy supply and cover higher shares in transport and key industries.

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        • Country

        Latvia

        Latvia is undertaking its energy transition with some promising results to date, with the goal to reduce total greenhouse gas emissions (without land use, land-use change and forestry) by 65% from 1990 levels by 2030 and to achieve net zero by 2050. It has made inroads on the share of renewable energy in its fuel mix, with sizeable shares of bioenergy and hydropower.
        Renewable energy sources dominate its electricity mix, in particular, accounting for around three-quarters of domestic generation. Other sectors, notably transport and buildings, continue to consume large amounts of energy and rely on dated infrastructure that…

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        • Country

        Montenegro

        The Energy Development Strategy of Montenegro sets out objectives and defines mechanisms for the transition from the current energy system to a safe, competitive and environmentally acceptable energy paradigm by 2025. It also provides guidelines for the development of the energy sector with the aim of attracting investors.
        Data for Montenegro is included under Serbia until 2004.

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        • Country

        Mauritania

        In 2019, Mauritania’s energy mix was dominated by oil products (65%) and biofuels and waste (32%). In 2020, 43% of the population had access to clean cooking which is the highest share in West Africa. In 2020, 47% of the population had access to electricity. For electricity access, the country targets universal access in urban areas and doubling of the current rate in rural areas by 2024, with country-wide universal access by 2030. For clean cooking, the target is 100% access to LPG in urban areas and 50% access to LPG in rural areas by 2030.

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        • Country

        Yemen

        In Yemen, less than half of the population has access to electricity. In 2010, the government launched a National Strategy for renewable energy and energy efficiency, which aims to develop grid and off-grid renewable energy and targets a 15% share of renewable electricity generation by 2025.

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        • Country

        France

        France has a very low-carbon electricity mix owing to its large nuclear fleet, the second-largest after the United States. As an early leader in setting out an ambitious energy transition, France legislated a net zero emissions target for 2050 in its 2019 Energy and Climate Act and aims at reducing by 55% its greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. A national low-carbon strategy with 5-year carbon budgets and a multiannual plan for energy investments implement the long-term target.
        Acknowledging the need to maintain electricity security in the longer term and a low-carbon footprint France invests…

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        • Country

        Armenia

        Imports of oil and gas cover 77% of Armenia’s energy needs. Current energy policy is focused on developing indigenous energy sources, mainly renewable, and on replacing the country’s main nuclear reactor. Energy Efficiency policy has also become a bigger priority as energy security and reliability remain key focus areas. Armenia is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.

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