• Country

        Mexico

        Mexico’s energy and economic profile presents both challenges and opportunities as a major oil producer, exporter and through its growing domestic energy demand. Mexico was the first large oil producing emerging economy to adopt climate legislation in 2012 and has seen growth in renewable electricity generation from wind and solar, which almost tripled from 2015 to 2022. However, strong action is needed across all sectors to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and bring down greenhouse gas emissions.

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        • Country

        China

        China’s growing energy needs are increasingly met by renewables, natural gas and electricity. The scale of China’s future electricity demand and the challenge of decarbonising the power supply help explain why global investment in electricity overtook that of oil and gas for the first time in 2016, and why electricity security is moving firmly up the policy agenda. That said, cost reductions for renewables are not sufficient on their own to secure efficient decarbonisation or reliable supply.
        Between 2019 and 2024, China will account for 40% of global renewable capacity expansion, driven by improved system integration, lower curtailment…

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        Greece

        Greece is making progress on its energy transition, including implementing reforms to standardise and simplify licensing procedures for renewable projects and investigating options for offshore wind. Coal fired generation, once the main source of electricity, will be phased out by 2028 at the latest and EUR 5 billion has been committed to assist impacted communities. Auctions are driving strong deployment of solar PV, onshore wind and battery storage. There are also projects for interconnections and renewables to decarbonise electricity on Greek islands. However, more effort is needed boost electrification and improve efficiency in transport and buildings.

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        • Country

        United Kingdom

        The United Kingdom has been an early player in the energy transition, being among the first countries to set a net zero target by 2050 and to put in place carbon budgets. UK emissions have already fallen by around 50% since 1990, indicating a strong start. Looking ahead, an important pillar of the energy transition will be decarbonising the power sector through sizeable new investments in renewables and nuclear while also focusing on new technologies such as CCUS, hydrogen and small modular reactors. As a historic oil and gas producer, the UK is looking to address declining North Sea production…

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        • Country

        Bulgaria

        Bulgaria adopted The Energy from Renewable Sources Act in 2011. The Act regulates the generation and consumption of energy from renewable sources with the aim of achieving the national targets in terms of renewable energy use in final gross energy consumption.

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        • Country

        Turkmenistan

        Turkmenistan’s government is continuously investing in oil and gas, to modernise and expand the electricity and heat sector by 2020. Moreover, the energy sector is almost fully subsidised, with citizens receiving free electricity, heat and gas up to a certain level of consumption, until 2030, but the government is taking steps to reduce subsidies to curb domestic demand and increase exports. Turkmenistan is part of the EU4Energy Programme, an initiative focused on evidence-based policymaking for the energy sector.

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        • Country

        Argentina

        Argentina’s total primary energy mix is dominated by natural gas (55%) and oil (33%), with bioenergy contributing 5%, and hydropower and nuclear another 3% each. Argentina has the 2nd largest reserve of shale gas and the 4th largest reserve of shale oil worldwide. In 2019, the country produced 500,000 bpd of oil, of which 89,000 bpd was exported, but the country remains a net importer of oil products. In terms of power generation, Argentina relies on natural gas (65%), hydropower (18%), followed by nuclear 8%, wind (7%) and solar (1%). A set of public policies have boosted…

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        • Country

        Uganda

        In 2019, Uganda’s energy mix was dominated by fuel wood and charcoal followed by a small share of oil products. The country produces electricity mainly from hydroelectric plants. Between 2017 and 2019, electrification outpaced population growth in Uganda. However in 2020, less than 5% of the population had access to clean cooking.
        The Electricity Connection Policy was introduced in 2018 with the ambition of increasing Uganda’s electricity access to 60 percent by 2027 through connection subsidies for consumers located close to the existing network. About 300,000 households and businesses have received free electricity connections, benefiting 1.5…

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        • Country

        Türkiye

        Rapid economic and population growth in Türkiye over the past two decades have not only driven strong growth in energy demand, but also an associated increase in import dependency. As a result, Türkiye has pursued a restructuring of its energy system with the aim of rationalising energy demand growth, lowering energy prices and slowing the pace of import growth.
        These reforms have included measures targeted at modernisation, liberalisation and increased domestic production capacity. Notably, Türkiye has seen considerable diversification of its energy mix in the past decade. Renewable electricity generation has tripled in the past decade and the commissioning of…

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        • Country

        Switzerland

        Switzerland has notably decoupled economic growth from energy use despite strong population growth. This trend should continue, and the energy efficiency first principle should be reflected in all climate and energy legislation. Reaching the 2050 net zero emissions target and addressing the growing winter electricity gap between demand and production requires an unprecedented volume of additional renewable generation capacity, especially wind and hydro. For this, the country needs to shorten the complex and extended administrative and legal permitting process. This will also help advancing investments in grid infrastructure to prepare for more decentralised and variable generation. Switzerland should also align…

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